The viral genome needs to get to the nucleus for the virus that replicates in the nucleus. In other words, the viral nucleocapsid has to overcome two barriers (i.e., plasma membrane and nuclear membrane). Compare and contrast the mechanisms by which the viruses penetrate the two membranes.

Q: In general, RNA viruses multiply in the cell , and DNAviruses multiply in the cell .a. nucleus,…

A: A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent. It replicates only inside the living cells of an…

Q: In electron micrographs of HSV infection, it can be seen that the intact virus initially reacts with…

A: The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an infection that causes herpes in various parts of the body that…

Q: Give a short discussion of the lytic and lysogenic phases in the lifecycle of certain viruses. the…

A: Bacterial viruses called bacteriophages can undergo two types of life cycles - lytic or lysogenic.…

Q: Enveloped viral membranes are generally ________ with associated virus-specific ________. A) lipid…

A: Many enveloped viruses are pathogenic to humans and have therapeutic significance, such as HBV, HCV,…

Q: A corona virus of mass (m) jumped from a cell Infected to uninfected cell and at an angle with the…

A: 1) The coronavirus jumps from one infected cell to another uninfected cell at an angle to the…

Q: A virus is isolated, and individual virions appear spherical. What type of virus is this? A.…

A: The essential construction or structure of a virus is comprised of a hereditary information molecule…

Q: All of the following are characteristics of a virus with a promiscuous host range EXCEPT: Binding…

A: NOTE: Thanks for mentioning which answers you needed. Virus Virus is small infectious particles…

Q: Cells produce mRNA by transcription of their DNA genomes. In contrast, single-stranded RNA genome…

A: As per the guidelines, we are supposed to answer only one question. Kindly repost the other question…

Q: During viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus…

A: Viruses do not come under the categories of Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes as they exhibit the dual…

Q: Match the best possible fit for the following Animal virus replication stages. A. Attachment B.…

A: Viruses contain nucleic acid/ribonucleic acid in the core region while the exterior/…

Q: What is an envelope? What are spikes (peplomers)? Why do some enveloped viruses have pleomorphic…

A: A virus is a microorganism that has an infectious property. It cannot reproduce by itself.

Q: Viruses replicate their genomes in the nucleus ofthe host cell. Explain why or why not.

A: A virus is a small infectious agent that can’t be seen through the unaided eyes. The viruses contain…

Q: Rhinovirus, the most common cause of colds, do not have a lipid envelope. Compared to enveloped…

A: Viral envelope is a loose membranous covering that occurs in some animal viruses, rarely plants and…

Q: Assume you isolate a single stranded (+) RNA virus. When you examine the proteins in the virus, you…

A: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase  or RNA polymerase or replicase  is an enzyme that catalyzes the…

Q: The cell is the basic unit of all living things, and viruses which are generally not considered…

A: The process of discriminating between various biological structures aid in understanding the…

Q: Viruses are host-specific, meaning they can only infect specific types of host organisms. For…

A: Viruses are acellular organisms. They become active once they enter inside an organism and can…

Q: Describe the two ways that a virus may infect a cell.

A: Viruses are minute particles that are made up of only their genetic material which may be DNA or RNA…

Q: The proteins on the surface of envelope viruses generally have to perform a few key tasks,…

A: 1. There has been no evidence that the translation of viral proteins is facilitated by proteins on…

Q: all of the following that are true regarding viruses? Oncogenic viruses stimulate uncontrolled host…

A: The virus is a pathogenic microorganism with nucleic acid as DNA/RNA. The nucleic acid is covered by…

Q: When scientists first discovered SARS-COV2, they were able to generate a sequence of the viral…

A: DNA sequencing  DNA sequencing it a method to determine the exact position of DNA bases…

Q: Host specificity of a virus is due to 1) similarities in size between the virus and the host cell.…

A: Viruses are intracellular parasites that are obligate. A virus must bind to a "living cell" that can…

Q: Explain how long coronavirus microdroplets linger in the air and why. What does science tell us…

A: Coronavirus is an RNA (ribonucleic acid) virus that infects birds and mammals. It can cause mild to…

Q: explain briefly the steps involved in the viral multiplication cycle. How is each step important?…

A: The virus is an intracellular obligate infective agent that mainly consists of a nucleic acid…

Q: Besides the virus escaping the cell through lysis or exocytosis what are two other effects a virus…

A: Budding is a method that viruses use to exit the cell. "Sprouting" through the cell envelope, as a…

Q: Viruses may be latent for a long period of time. For example, HIV may be latent for many years,…

A: The ability of the virus to stay dormant in a cell is called viral or virus latency. This is the…

Q: discuss the similarities and differences between animal and bacterial virus multiplication.

A: Viruses are infectious agents that can replicate and survive inside the living cells of an organism.…

Q: Discuss the structures found in a typical virus.

A: Viruses are special parasites. They are extremely small in size and not visible by ordinary…

Q: briefly state the importance of each stage of viral replication. Do not just restate what each stage…

A: The process by which viruses are formed in host cells during the infection process is known as viral…

Q: Why are viral diagnoses difficult? Because they are very small and hard to see Because they rarely…

A: Virus  An Infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is…

Q: Which one of the options shown below is a common mechanism of entry in some enveloped viruses?…

A: Viruses are tiny infectious agents that can cause a wide range of diseases in humans, animals, and…

Q: 4. Illustrated below is the parts of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Search for the FUNCTIONS of the ff…

A: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a RNA virus belongs to the family…

Q: All of the following statements correctly describes the properties of Influenza A virus EXCEPT…

A: Influenza A viruses are negative-sense RNA viruses with  single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses. The…

Q: A virus that typically forms an envelope is now being prevented from budding out of the host cell.…

A: Answer: VIRUS = This is an microscopic agent and infectious in nature, which needs host mechanism to…

Q: Place the stages of the viral life cycle in their correct order.   ____ Attachment ____ Lysis…

A: Viruses are simple, noncellular entities consisting of one or more molecules of either DNA or RNA…

Q: Explain the difference between the lysogenic and lytic cycle of some viruses.

A: Lysogenic and the lytic cycle are the two cycles of viral reproduction. The lysogenic cycle involves…

Q: Some viral genomes, composed of single-stranded RNA, act as mRNA. What advantage might these viruses…

A: Some viral genomes, composed of single-stranded RNA, act as mRNA.

Q: Which of these is not a general pattern of virus morphology?a. enveloped, helical b. naked,…

A: Virus is generally a nucleoprotein and ultramicroscopic entity which only becomes active inside a…

Q: Larger viruses usually have a double-stranded genome, whereas small viruses typically have a…

A: Only a single nucleic acid molecule is found in all double-stranded DNA genomes, and only a few…

Q: viral genome needs to get to the nucleus for the virus that replicates in the nucleus. the viral…

A: Viruses are small entities that stand on the line of living and nonliving things. Viruses require…

Q: Rhinovirus and the flaviviruses have a _________ RNA genome, which ___________________ bind in order…

A: Introduction :-  Rhinovirus and flavivirus are the viruses which consist of RNA as genetic material…

Q: A viral mutation that causes changes in the glycoprotein spikes would affect which aspect of the…

A: Option A, B, C and D are correct .

Q: Briefly describe how the variola virus acquires multiple envelope membranes from an infected cell.

A: Indefinite maintenance of a virulent disease in populations of varied sizes depends on 3 factors:…

Q: or a virus to attach to a cell, the ____________ on the outside of the virus must attach to a…

A: A virus is a malicious programme that copies itself to another programme in order to perpetuate…

Q: Which of the following terms is used for the stage of viral replication primarily responsible for…

A: Viruses are infectious agents that are tiny in size. Viruses are obligatory intracellular parasitic…

Q: Define the terms "latency" and "lysogeny" as they refer to viruses. Describe at least TWO ways…

A: A virus is a biological agent capable of replicating inside a living host cell. the host cell makes…

Q: Which of the following are activities that a virus particle (a virion) cannot accomplish by itself?…

A: A fully assenbled infectious particle is called virion .Virus consist one or more molecule of either…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.