Read the question carefully and give me right solution according to the question The world carbon emissions can be expressed by the following equation:Carbon emissions = (population)(energy/person)(carbon/energy)%DEnergy/person grows at 2.6 %/yearWorld population grows at 1.7 %/yearFossil fuel emissions of carbon per unit of energy increase at 1.7 % /yearAssuming constant exponential growth, how long would it take to reach 4 timesof initial carbon concentration (N/No = 4)?

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/6086118e-6bb7-4ddc-abfd-1d4a66ebebe2.jpg

Answered: The world carbon emissions can be…

Sustainable Energy

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781337551663

Author:DUNLAP, Richard A.

Publisher:DUNLAP, Richard A.

Chapter16: Biomass Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8P

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Environmental Engineering, disaggregation exponential growth question: Consider the following disaggregation of carbon emissions: Carbon emissions (kg C/year)= [Population] x [Energy (kJ/year/person)] x [Carbon (kg C/Energy (kJ)] Using the following estimates for the United States and assuming growth rates remain constant, 1990 amounts: Population: 2.5 x 108, growth rate: 0.6% Energy: 3.2 x 108 kJ/yr/person, growth rate: 0.5% Carbon emissions: 1.5 x 10-5 kg C/kJ, growth rate: -0.3% Find: a) The carbon emission rate in 2020 b) The carbon emitted in those 30 years c) The total energy demand in 2020 d) the per capita carbon emission rate in 2020
It has been suggested that carbon dioxide emissions should be taxed at $30 per metric ton (106 g C). Removal of CO2 from the atmosphere would be worth the same amount. Assume that the atmospheric mixing ratio of CO2 is 400 ppm. What is the value of the carbon in 1 cubic kilometer (km3) of air at Earth’s surface? Calculate the value of all the CO2 in Earth’s atmosphere? [Hints: The total atmospheric mass is 5.1480×1018 kg and it is composed of 80% N2 and 20% O2.
Calculate the total mass of CO2 in the atmosphere. State all assumptions. Compare this to the actual of ~3.6 ×1012 tonnes. At our current rate of emissions, how long would it take to emit a quantity equal to the present mass of CO2 in the atmosphere
Assume that gasoline is burned with 99% efficiency in a car engine, with 1% remaining unbumed in the exhaust gases as VOCs; If the engine exhausts 16 kg of gases (MW = 30) for each kg of gasoline (MW = 100), calculate the fraction of VOCs in the exhaust. Give your answer in parts per million.
Which of the following statements is incorrect? An energy budget can be based on historical data, although this is usually unsatisfactory There is no standard formula for to calculate electricity costs The electricity consumption of air-conditioning can comprise of 80%-90% of the load of a building Economic cycle operation refers to the use of favourable environmental conditions
1) Heating the water in a 55-gallon water heater requires about 2.0 x 103 kJ of energy. a) Assume the energy came from natural gas with 80% efficiency; how many grams of natural gas are required? b) Assume the energy came from electricity with 80% efficiency and that the electricity was produced from the combustion of coal with 30% efficiency; how many grams of coal are required? For problem above, calculate how much CO2 in grams is emitted to the atmosphere. For a: Use the balanced equation for the combustion of methane (CH4) to determine how many grams of CO2are produced from the amount of natural gas required. For b: Assume that coal produces 5.25 kJ of energy per gram of CO2 produced. Calculate how much CO2 in grams is produced.
Since the industrial revolution (~1750), humans have released over 1.5 trillion tons of CO2into the Earth’s atmosphere. How much carbon (CO2 as carbon) has been released into the atmosphere?
Choose the correct answer Which of the following is the most likely concentration of the current methane at atmosphere? A. 9 ppm; B. 1.9 ppb; C. 420 ppm; D. 420 ppb The current CO2 concentration in atmosphere has approximately increased by ____% in comparison with its level in 2010? A. 2; B. 8; C. 22; D. 45 What is the original heat source in the greenhouse effect? A. Magma activities; B. sun; C. wind; D. greenhouse gases Which of the following descriptions is NOT correct at 1 atm and 0oC? 200 g CO2, 200 g CH4, and 200 g N2O gases have the same volumes; 200 moles CO2, 200 moles CH4, and 200 moles N2O gases have the same volumes; 1 mole CO2 gas has a volume of 22.4 L; CO2 has a lower global warming potential than CH4
Most car owners drive their cars an average of 12,000 kilometers a year. Assuming a 10 km/L gas consumption rate, determine the amount of fuel consumed by 150 million car owners on the following time bases:a. average daily basisb. average weekly basisc. average monthly basisd. average yearly basise. over a period of ten yearsExpress your results in gallons and liters.
Choose the correct answer 200 g CO2 approximately takes up ____ L volume in air at 1 atm and 0oC? 4480; 100; C. 200; D. Undetermined Which of the following gases has the greatest contribution to the greenhouse effect on the Earth? A. Water vapor; B. CO2; C. CH4; D. O3 Based on what you have learned, which of the following can contribute(s) greenhouse gases? A. landfills; B. a deep lake with organic rich sediments; C. septic tanks; D. all of the above Which of the following gases is NOT a greenhouse gas? A. methane; B. carbon monoxide; C. hydrofluorocarbons; D. water vapor
Environmental Engineering If we approximate the atmosphere to be 79% nitrogen (N2) (by volume), and 21% oxygen (O2), estimate the density of air in kg/m3 at standard temperature and pressure (0oC, 1 atm).
• 1 million people in Hong Kong using low-flush toilet and low-flow shower head.• 1 million leaky toilet and Faucet. Find1. How much energy we can save?2. How much coal (Kg) we can save?3. How much CO2 we can reduce?4. How many African children (1 liter/kid/day) we can support? Energy needed to treat water1. Average energy use for water treatment drawn from southern California studies is 652 kWh per acre-foot (AF), where one AF = 325,853 gallons. Thermal Energy in Coal2. The thermal power plants consume about 0.45 kg of coal per kWh. Energy output/fire power plant3. A typical 500 megawatt coal power plant produces 3.5 billion kWh per year. CO2 Emission4. Taking coal to contain 50 percent carbon, which combines with oxygen during burning to form CO2, we can arrive at 1.83 kg CO2 for every 1 kg of coal burned.

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