Question 9: FOR THIS QUESTION, EXCEL *MUST* BE USED TO CALCULATE THE P-VALUE FOR CHI SQUARED!Can you answer all the parts to this question, with clearly showing which part you're answering and make sure to round accordingly. There are two alleles for the arr gene, A and a. There are also two alleles for bee gene, Band b. The two genes are on a chromosome that is 1.5 micrometers in length, but it has yetto be determined if the two genes are linked. Below is data from a study to determine if thegenes are linked, and if so, how far apart the genes are on the chromosome.An organism that is heterozygous for both the arr gene and the bee gene is crossed with an organismthat is homozygous recessive for both genes.Using this information, it is possible to calculate the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring of the two organisms,assuming the two genes are *NOT* linked. If the genes are linked, the offspring will not exhibit the expectedphenotypic ratio.1. The arr and bee genes are independent of each other.2. The arr and bee genes are linked.Above are the two hypotheses. Which of the two hypotheses is the null hypothesis?Enter either 1 or 2 in the answer boxThe table below depicts the observed genotypic abundances of the offspring.Genotype AbundanceАа Bb47Aa bb23aа Bb31aa bb39Use the predicted and observed data to perform a chi-squared test to assess if two genes arr and bee are linked.Below is a video about how to perform the calculations in Excel. What is your calculated value of chi squared?• Report your answer to FOUR decimal placesFURTHER CALCULATIONS SHOULD BE PERFORMED IN EXCEL ON THE UNROUNDED NUMBERWhat is the P-value determined using the formula =(1-chisq.dist(x, df, TRUE) in Excel, where x is the calculated valueof chi squared, df is the degrees of freedom, and TRUE indicates a cumulative distribution function.• Report your answer to FOUR decimal placesUsing an alpha value of 0.05, do you fail to reject or reject the null hypothesis?Enter either fail to reject, or reject.If the genes are linked, use the percent of offspring that experienced crossing over to determine the distance betweenthe two genes in micrometers. If the genes are not linked, enter n/a in the box belowmicrometers• Report your answer in micrometers• Report your answer to four decimal places• Or enter n/a if the genes are not linked

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