These are materials in which some of the electrons are free electrons that are not bound to atoms and can move relatively freely through the material. * Superconductors Insulators Semiconductors Conductors Any device on which electric charge may be stored so as to possess electrical potential energy. * Capacitor Circuit Resistor Fuse Maximum current which passes through a light bulb with a resistance of 5 ohms is 10 A. How much voltage must be applied across its ends before the bulb will break? * 50 V 2 V 0.5 V 5 V

These are materials in which some of the electrons are free electrons that are not bound to atoms and can move relatively freely through the material. * Superconductors Insulators Semiconductors Conductors Any device on which electric charge may be stored so as to possess electrical potential energy. * Capacitor Circuit Resistor Fuse Maximum current which passes through a light bulb with a resistance of 5 ohms is 10 A. How much voltage must be applied across its ends before the bulb will break? * 50 V 2 V 0.5 V 5 V

College Physics

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168000

Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Chapter19: Electric Potential And Electric Field

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9PE: Integrated Concepts A battery-operated car utilizes a 12.0 V system. Find the charge the batteries...

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(a) A defibrillator sends a 6.00-A current through the chest of a patient by applying a 10,000-V potential as in the figure below. What is the resistance of the path? (b) The defibrillator paddles make contact with the patient through a conducting gel that greatly reduces the path resistance. Discuss the difficulties that would ensue if a larger voltage were used to produce the same current through the patient, but with the path having perhaps 50 times the resistance. (Hint: The current must be about the same, so a higher voltage would imply greater power. Use this equation for power: P=I2 RP = .)
A ski resort consists of a few chairlifts and several interconnected downhill runs on the side of a mountain, with a lodge at the bottom. The lifts are analogous to batteries, and the runs are analogous to resistors. Describe how two runs can be in series. Describe how three runs can be in parallel. Sketch a junction of one lift and two runs. One of the skiers is carrying an altimeter. State Kirchhoffs junction rule and Kirchhoffs loop rule for ski resorts.
Construe! Your Own Problem Consider a rechargeable lithium cell that is to be used to power a camcorder. Construct a problem in which you calculate the internal resistance of the cell during normal operation. Also, calculate the minimum voltage output of a battery charger to be used to recharge your lithium cell. Among the things to be considered are the emf and useful terminal voltage of a lithium cell and the current it should be able to supply to a camcorder.
A Van de Graaff generator is one of the original particle accelerators and can be used to accelerate charged particles like protons or electrons. You may have seen it used to make human hair stand on end or produce large sparks. One application of the Van de Graaff generator is to create X-rays by bombarding a hard metal target with the beam. Consider a beam of protons at 1.00 keV and a current of 5.00 mA produced by the generator, (a) What is the speed of the protons? (b) How many protons are produced each second?
A regular tetrahedron is a pyramid with a triangular base and triangular sides as shown in Figure P28.73. Imagine the six straight lines in Figure P28.73 are each 10.0- resistors, with junctions at the four vertices. A 12.0-V battery is connected to any two of the vertices. Find (a) the equivalent resistance of the tetrahedron between these vertices and (b) the current in the batten.
A battery with an internal resistance of 10.0 produces an open circuit voltage of 12.0 V. A variable load resistance with a range from 0 to 30.0 is connected across the battery. (Note: A battery has a resistance that depends on the condition of its chemicals and that increases as the battery ages. This internal resistance can be represented in a simple circuit diagram as a resistor in series with the battery.) (a) Graph the power dissipated in the load resistor as a function of the load resistance. (b) With your graph, demonstrate the following important theorem: The power delivered to a load is a maximum if the load resistance equals the internal resistance of the source.
The batteries of a submerged non-nuclear submarine supply 1000 A at full speed ahead. How long does it take to move Avogadro’s number (6.02 1023) of electrons at this rate?
Integrated Concepts (a) An immersion heater utilizing 120 V can raise the temperature of a 1.00 102 -g aluminum cup containing 350 g of water from 20.0°C to 95.0°C in 2.00 min. Find its resistance, assuming it is constant during the process. (b) A lower resistance would shorten the heating time. Discuss the practical limits to speeding the heating by lowering the resistance.
A 12-V car battery is used to power a 20.00-W, 12.00-V lamp during the physics club camping trip/star party. The cable to the lamp is 2.00 meters long, 14-gauge copper wire with a charge density of n=9.501028m3 . (a) What is the current draw by the lamp? (b) How long would it take an electron to get from the battery to the lamp?
Integrated Concepts A 12.0-V emf automobile battery has a terminal voltage of 16.0 V when being charged by a current of 10.0 A. (a) What is the battery’s internal resistance? (b) What power is dissipated inside the battery? (c) At what rate (in °C/min ) will its temperature increase if its mass is 20.0 kg and it has a specific heat of 0.300 kcal/kg. °C, assuming no heat escapes?
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