Two kinds of bacteria are found in a sample of tainted food. It is found that the population size of type 1, N1 and of type 2, N2 satisfy the equation dN/dt=-0.1/N1 dN/dt=0.7/N2 N1 is equal to 1000 at time equal to zero, while N2 is equal to 30 at time equal to zero. Then the population sizes are equal N1 = N2 at what time? (4 decimal places)
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- Using the information in Problem 1.22, estimate the ambient air temperature that could cause frostbite on a calm day on the ski slopes. 1.22 In order to prevent frostbite to skiers on chair lifts, the weather report at most ski areas gives both an air temperature and the wind-chill temperature. The air temperature is measured with a thermometer that is not affected by the wind. However, the rate of heat loss from the skier increases with wind velocity, and the wind-chill temperature is the temperature that would result in the same rate of heat loss in still air as occurs at the measured air temperature with the existing wind. Suppose that the inner temperature of a 3-mm-thick layer of skin with a thermal conductivity of 0.35W/mKis35C and the air temperature is 20C. Under calm ambient conditions the heat transfer coefficient at the outer skin surface is about 20W/m2K (see Table 1.4), but in a 40-mph wind it increases to 75W/m2K. If frostbite occurs when the skin temperature drops to about 10C, do you advise the skier to wear a face mask? What is the skin temperature drop due to the wind?3.9 The heat transfer coefficients for the flow of 26.6°C air over a sphere of 1.25 cm in diameter are measured by observing the temperature-time history of a copper ball the same dimension. The temperature of the copper ball was measured by two thermocouples, one located in the center and the other near the surface. The two thermocouples registered, within the accuracy of the recording instruments, the same temperature at any given instant. In one test run, the initial temperature of the ball was 66°C, and the temperature decreased by 7°C in 1.15 min. Calculate the heat transfer coefficient for this case.You are developing a porous membrane for use in a dialysis system. The membrane must be able to retain both protein and glucose on the inlet side and allow other, smaller molecules to flow through. You have found that the membrane is 0.25 mm thick and contains long, rectangular pores with a width of 0.1 microns. 57% of the 50 cm^2 membrane surface area is covered with pores. A test fluid (viscosity = 1.5 cP, density = 1015 kg/m^3) is passed through the membrane. You can assume that the test fluid has a composition similar to that of blood plasma. An initial test is run at physiological conditions, and you observe that the flow rate of fluid through the membrane is 500 cm^3/min. Given this data, what must the hydrodynamic pressure drop across the membrane in your test system be in pascals?
- The same engineer decides to look into rates of cooling for liquids toexperiment with different cooling solutions for servers. She finds thatthe rate of cooling for one liquid can be modelled by the equation:y = 48 × 0.99t(0 ≤ t ≤ 80)where y is the temperature of the liquid in degrees Celsius and t is thetime in minutes.(i) State whether the type of reduction for this model is linear orexponential. Describe how reduction rate differs between linear andexponential functions. (ii) Calculate the temperature when t = 20. [3](iii) Write down the scale factor and use this to find the percentagedecrease in the temperature per minute. (iv) Use the method shown in Subsection 5.2 of Unit 13 to find the timeat which the temperature is 30◦(v) Determine the halving time of the temperature.In a linear spring finite element model, as per the finite element model’s sign convention, which one of the following statements is true? Select one: a. If Fe1 is negative then the spring is under compression b. If Fe2 is negative then the spring is under tension c. If Fe1 is positive then the spring is under tension d. If Fe2 is positive then the spring is under tensionMacro farms Ltd can purchase two types of fertilizer which contain the following percentage Nitrate Phosphate Potash Type X 18 5 2 Type Y 3 2 5 For certain type of crop, the following minimum quantities (kg) are required Nitrate Phosphate Potash 100 50 40 Type X cost GHS10 per kg and type Y cost GHS5 per kg. The company currently buys 1,000 kg of each type and wishes to minimize it expenditure on fertilizers.Required 1. What is the minimum expenditure that can be incurred on fertilizer? 2. Find the savings the company can make by switching from it current policy to your recommendation.
- Saponification is a process wherein soap is added to a certain type of oil to produce grease. One such grease is said to have 75.7 % by volume oil and 24.3% by volume soap, wherein the oil and soap have densities 760 kgm/m3 and 6,250 kgm/m3, respectively. This kind of grease is sold by packs shaped like a sphere with a diameter of 20 cm for convenience. Calculate: a) the mass of oil per pack (kgm), b) the mass of soap per pack (kgm), c) the weight of each pack (kgf), d) the specific weight of grease (N/m3), e) will the grease float if it is placed in water whose density is 1000 kgm/m3? Explain.In an experiment designed to determine the value of a parameter n, the actual value that is determined during the experiment is ln n which is determined to be ln n = –1.17828±0.07023. What is the value of n? Make sure that you quote the answer to the correct number of significant figures.Geochemical Box Models - please use same terminology found in question Consider an element X exchanging between two geochemical reservoirs A and B. Let MA and MB be the masses of X in reservoirs A and B, respectively; let tA and tB be the residence times of X in reservoirs A and B, respectively. Further let M = MA + MB be the total mass of X in the two reservoirs combined. Consider a situation where additional mass M' is injected into reservoir A at time t=0 increasing the total amount of element X in the system from M0 to M1, with no further injection at later times; further assume that tA >> tB, that the total mass in the altered system is M1 = M0 + M', and that M0 << M'. Give an expression for MB(t) as a function of M1, tA, tB, and t. What is the characteristic time for MB to approach steady state? What is the characteristic time for MA to approach steady state?
- Thermodynamics is the science that studies A)Mechanics of fluids and how forces affect them B)Improvement of manufacturing process from the initial point to the end C)Conversion of energy from one form to another D)The number of animals living in Azerbaijan E)Experimental methods and uncertainty analysis in experimentsIn a linear spring finite element model, as per the finite element model’s sign convention, which one of the following statements is true? Select one: a. If Fe1 is positive then the spring is under tension b. If Fe2 is negative then the spring is under tension c. If Fe2 is positive then the spring is under compression d. If Fe1 is positive then the spring is under compression Clear my choiceThe concentration of salt ? g/L in homemade soap is given as a function of time as follows: ??/dt = (0.37? − 0.03)? At the initial time, ? = 0 minute, the salt concentration is 20 g/L. Choose a step size in a range of 1 < h ≤ 1.5 minutes for the interval from 0 to 8h minutes and apply THREE (3) numerical methods to compute the salt concentration. Select the best numerical method to estimate the salt concentration and justify your answer. method 1: ruler's method