Understand how prion infection is diagnosed, treated, andprevented.

Q: Understand the purpose of using combination therapy to treat HIVinfection.

A: Combined therapy is defined as the treatment of any disease with the use of two or more combination…

Q: Contrast the ways in which animal and bacterial viruses entertheir hosts.

A: The biological cell is of various shapes and sizes and reside in almost all habitats, and is called…

Q: List the targets of antiviral drugs and their modes of action. Whatis the strategy behind taking…

A: Virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that needs a living host for their replication. It causes…

Q: Discuss how a pathogen causes an infection.

A: In this question, we have to answer, how pathogen cause disease.

Q: How are viral infections treated and prevented?

A: A viral infection is the spread of a dangerous virus throughout the body. Tissue damage and the…

Q: Describe the importance of human endogenous retroviruses and include some examples

A: A retrovirus is a virus that utilizes RNA as its hereditary material. At the point when a retrovirus…

Q: How do we apply P.E.R.I.E process to the Coronavirus outbreak?

A: P.E.R.I.E stands for Problem, Etiology of the problem, Recommendation, Implementation, and…

Q: Are viruses and bacteria both considered pathogens?

A: Microbes are tiny organisms which we can not see only by eyes, we need instruments like microscope…

Q: Explain the importance of preventing and controlling the spread of infection.

A: Infection refers to the invasion of the microorganism, its spread, and its growth. the results may…

Q: Describe retroviruses?

A: Viruses are tiny nonliving entities that infect a cell and take over its machinery to grow and…

Q: According to Beatrice Hahn, what factors are likely to determine pathogenic? O both host and viral…

A: Beatrice Hahn - according to her, both the host and viral determinants influence if the virus…

Q: Discuss the three ways that prion disease can occur.

A: The three ways that prion disease can occur : 1) Acquired  . It means that someone encounters prions…

Q: Explain how prions affect human health.

A: Neurodegeneration is a disorder which leads to damage to the neurons. This leads to the malfunction…

Q: Name a molecular diagnostic techniqiue to detect the presence of a pathogen in its early stage of…

A: Infection is a condition when a microorganism enters the body and causes harm. Actually, the…

Q: Describe the mode of action of each class of retroviral agent usedto treat infection with HIV.

A: INTRODUCTION: HIV is human immunodeficiency virus is a retrovirus which leads to a disease commonly…

Q: describe the structure and characteristics of viruses,viroids, and prions?

A: Viruses were discovered by Dmitri Ivanovsky. Viruses are acellular entities that are considered as…

Q: Enlist four classes of grafts and also explain the host versus grafts versus host disease…

A: The human body has about 37 trillion cells in total, although a significant portion of them are…

Q: Explain the role of viruses and its uses?

A: Viruses are small parasites and are not able to reproduce on their own. They infect the susceptible…

Q: List and outline that various stages through which bacteria and Achaea fight back against infection…

A: Bacteria and archaea have their own viruses to deal with, just as humans are resistant to viruses.…

Q: Describe the infectious disease process

A: The infection disease process depends on how far the pathogen is able to proliferate itself even…

Q: discuss the benefits and limitations of using a retroviral system or an adenovirus for the delivery…

A: Gene therapy involves the alteration of genes inside the cells of the body in order to treat or…

Q: Describe in detail the current trends and scope of immunology in the field of parasitology

A: Trends of immunology in the field of parasitology Parasitology, an important part of biology, is the…

Q: What are some strategiesof the anti-retroviral drugsused in the AIDS treatment?

A: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a member of the Retro viral family which causes chronic,…

Q: List a few prion disorders.

A: Prions are virus-like organisms that are made up of proteins. Prions have the ability to cause…

Q: Reveal the weakest link in the chain of infection

A: BASIC INFORMATION  INFECTIOUS AGENTS  It is pathogens or the microorganisms which are responsible…

Q: Identify adaptations that have contributed to pathogen success.

A: Introduction :- Plant and animal diseases can be infectious or non-infectious. We'll concentrate on…

Q: Explain how prions cause disease.

A: The virions and prions are non-cellular infectious agents. These substances are smaller than viruses…

Q: how may i create a drug that prevents viral attachments

A: Viruses are microscopic,infectious biological entities that target and infect almost all life forms,…

Q: Briefly clarify the difference between chronic and latent viralinfections.

A: Viruses are infectious agents. They can only replicate inside the living cells. Viruses can infect…

Q: Identify four functions of infection control programs

A: Any abnormal condition that hinders normal body functioning is considered a disease. Nutrition…

Q: Describe how vaccines prevent viral infections.

A: Genrally vaccines are attenuated germs or part of viral particles that are capable of stimulating…

Q: Explain what are prions and diseases caused by prions

A: Prions are proteinaceous infectious particles .prions are misfolded proteins with the ability to…

Q: Recall the structure of prions and the diseases they cause.

A: In biology, the classification is important for study. The organisms are broadly classified under…

Q: describe how avoiding the use of antibiotics for viral infections can prevent the spread of…

A: Antibiotics are small molecules synthesized by microbes to kill other microbes. They are effective…

Q: Describe how antiviral agents act against infection.

A: A drug is any chemical substance that alters the physiology or psychology of an organism when eaten.…

Q: identify the components of the chain of infection and give examples of each, describe infection…

A: Components of chain of infection: Infectious agent ~ pathogen [ex: virus] Reservoir ~ The normal…

Q: Why is prevention important in healthcare?

A: Total measures consisting of methods or activities that seek to reduce or deter specific problems,…

Q: How do viroids and prions differ from viruses?

A: A virus is a small infectious agent which replicates only within an organism's live cells. Viruses…

Q: Describe problems associated with the use of viralvectors to introduce therapeutic genes into the…

A: Viral vectors are tools commonly used by molecular biologists to deliver genetic material into…

Q: Explain how viruses and prions are both similar and different.

A: ANSWER;- 1)  Prions are smaller than viruses and must be seen through an electron magnifying lens…

Q: Differentiate among lytic infection, latent infection, chronic infection,and transformation.

A: Viruses are minute particles that are made up of only their genetic material which may be DNA or RNA…

Q: How can DNA sequencing be used to identify other classes of pathogens such as viruses

A: DNA Carries the gene which codes for the protein .These proteins are responsible for expression of…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.