Water at 10°C has a kinematic viscosity of 1.30 X 10-6 m2/s flows at the rate of 896.61 L/min from the reservoir and through the pipe shown in the Fig. below. Compute the pressure at point B, considering the energy loss due to friction, but neglecting other losses. Also, use pipe roughness of 1.50 X 10-6 m. Hint: Use the appropriate formula to determine the friction factor, f to 4 decimal places (flow type dependant); g = 9.81 and round off to 3 decimal places for all other step calculations leading to the final answer including the final answer

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Field applications of hydraulic conductivity

Hydraulic conductivity is one of the hydraulic properties of soil defined as a measurement of the ability of a porous medium to permit water movement or fluid flow through it. It is denoted by the letter K. It is influenced by the density and viscosity of the fluid. It is also called permeability. Hydraulic conductivity is defined as the ratio of velocity to the hydraulic gradient. The different methods used to determine the hydraulic conductivity are laboratory methods (constant head permeability tests and falling head tests), in-situ field methods (pumping in and pumping out tests), small scale field tests (infiltration tests and slug tests), and indirect methods such as estimation from grain size, consolidation test data, and horizontal capillary test. The pedotransfer function (PTF) method is a specific empirical estimating approach employed in the soil sciences is also used to determine the hydraulic conductivity of the soil.