Answered: We saw that the Oort cloud extends to…

We saw that the Oort cloud extends to 50,000 AU. What is the orbital period of a comet with a semimajor axis of 50,000 AU?

Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781337399920

Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman

Publisher:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman

Chapter24: Meteorites, Asteroids, And Comets

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 28RQ: Why do most short-period comets have prograde orbits near the plane of the Solar System?

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We saw that the Oort cloud extends to 50,000 AU. What is the orbital period
of a comet with a semimajor axis of 50,000 AU?

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Why do most short-period comets have prograde orbits near the plane of the Solar System?
If the Oort cloud contains 1012 comets, and ten new comets are discovered coming close to the Sun each year, what percentage of the comets have been “used up” since the beginning of the solar system?
What is the difference between a comets dust tail and a comets gas tail? What does that tell you about the composition and origin of comets?
What is the difference between a meteoroid and an asteroid? Is there a sharp distinction?
In addition to the ones mentioned in Exercise 13.3, what is the third, rarer class of asteroids?
Why do astronomers conclude that asteroids were never part of a full-sized planet?
How do the risks of dying from the impact of an asteroid or comet compare with other risks we are concerned about, such as dying in a car accident or from heart disease or some other natural cause? (Hint: To find the annual risk, go to the library or internet and look up the annual number of deaths from a particular cause in a particular country, and then divide by the population of that country.)
Refer to Example 13.1. How would the calculation change if a typical comet in the Oort cloud is only 1 km in diameter?
What is the orbital period of a comet nucleus at the inner edge of the Oort Cloud? What is its orbital velocity? Assume a circular orbit. (Hint: Use Keplers third law, Eq. 4-1) (Note: The circumference of a circle is 2r.)
Refer to Example 13.1. How would the calculation change if a typical comet in the Oort cloud is larger-say, 50 km in diameter?
How would studying the chemical composition of only the largest, brightest, and most easily observed asteroids yield potentially misleading information about asteroids in general? Why is this called a selection effect?
Suppose you were designing a spacecraft that would match course with a comet and move with it for a while. What sorts of instruments would you put on board to gather data, and what would you like to learn?