What are two major functions of ATP hydrolysis in skeletal muscleactivity?

Q: During one cross-bridging cycle in striated muscle one ATP molecule is hydrolyzed. Explain the two…

A: In striated muscles, during a muscle contraction, tropomyosin has to change its conformation to…

Q: Compare the composition of flight muscles with a powerful locomotive muscle in terms of…

A: Flight muscles are a type of muscle which is found in birds or insects. This muscle helps birds or…

Q: 34. in an experimental study of skeletal muscle function, an isolated muscle strip is electrically…

A: Muscle tension Muscle tension interchangeably called "muscle force" is the amount of force produced…

Q: Describe the mechanical and biochemical properties of human skeletal muscle fiber types.

A: The Muscle is a soft tissue that is responsible for producing force and motion facilitated by the…

Q: Describe the lactate shuttle, with examples of how it is used during exercise.

A: Answer: Introduction: Lactate shuttle (LS) is a concept it means the lactate has role in transport…

Q: When fatigue occurs, ATP is still present in the cell. What is the explanation for this?

A: Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP is the principal substance for storing and sending energy in cells. It…

Q: Explain why skeletal muscle cells contain many mitochondria.

A: Mitochondria is a cell organelle found in the cytoplasm eukaryotic cell. It is a double…

Q: Discuss about Ca2+-dependent thin-filament regulation of skel-etal muscle contraction.

A: Movement of skeletal muscle in mammalians show large variability in its functions with their…

Q: Indicate three ways that muscle cells can generate ATP

A: Tissue is the next level organization of the cells. There are 4 different types of tissue are…

Q: What happens when theoxygen supply is insufficientto maintain aerobic cellularrespiration during…

A: Cellular respiration is a combination of metabolic reactions that occurs in the cells of organisms.…

Q: In skeletal muscle under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is further reduced to lactate. What is the…

A: Glycolysis is breakdown of glucose into pyruvate. In absence of oxygen the pyruvate formed is…

Q: You are about to perform some intricate electrical studies on single skeletal muscle fibers from a…

A: Skeletal muscles are striated, involuntary muscles connected to the bones and are found in legs and…

Q: What is the function of myosin light-chain kinase in smooth muscle?

A: The muscular framework is an organ framework comprising of skeletal, smooth and heart muscles. It…

Q: What happens when a muscle cell cannot generate enough ATP byaerobic respiration?

A: When a cell is very low on ATP, it will start squeezing more ATP out of ADP molecules by converting…

Q: Using the tension graph, explain why skeletal muscle can exhibit tetany (sustained contraction) but…

A: Physiologic tetanus refers to sustained muscle contraction, which occurs due to the generation of…

Q: When training for a marathon, some muscle fibers will switch from being fast glycolytic to slow…

A: Option 1 is the answer. Type1 myosin fibres are effective for long periods of time.They undergoes…

Q: Myofibis in muscle fibres are made up of repeating units of dark and light bonds called

A: Myofibril is a muscle cell that is shaped like a rod. Many chains of Myofibril bound together to…

Q: When does anaerobic metabolism occur in skeletal muscleand what are the effects of this?

A: Anaerobic metabolism can be defined as the process in which the production of adenosine triphosphate…

Q: What fuel molecules are metabolized to produce ATP duringskeletal muscle activity?

A: Four major types of tissues in human body are – muscle, nervous, epithelial and connective. Three…

Q: Magnesium blocks voltage-gated calcium channels on the membrane of smooth muscle cells. How do…

A: Inorganic ions are also important players in regulating our metabolism and overall working may it be…

Q: Explain how the process of skeletal muscle excitation–contraction coupling demonstrates the general…

A: Muscle tissue is a well-vascularized soft tissue present in the muscles of an animal body. Muscle…

Q: What are the Regulatory Molecules that mediate exercise-induced changes in muscle?

A: Muscle is soft tissue and consists of protein filaments of myosin and actin. These filaments slide…

Q: Describe the functions of skeletal muscle proteins.

A: skeletal muscle have different type of protein such as myosin ,actin, tropomyosin and troponin. 1)…

Q: What role does calcium have in muscle contraction?

A: The signal of muscle contraction initiates from the central nervous system. During the process of…

Q: What effect does increasing the frequency of action potentials in askeletal muscle fiber have upon…

A: With alternative arrangements of light and dark band, skeletal muscles are striated muscles. They…

Q: What is the major fuel for muscle under strenuous work conditions?

A: Carbohydrates, such as sugar and starch, are quickly broken down into glucose, which is the body’s…

Q: What is the maximum distance that diffusion is effective for oxygenating a muscle cell? How does the…

A: Introduction :- Muscle cells are also known as myocytes and these are of different types :- skeletal…

Q: Explain differences in mitochondria for the three types of muscle fiber: slow twitch, fast twitch…

A: Muscle fibers are cylindrical fibers composed of myofibrils. They have more than one nucleus and…

Q: What is the normal end product of anaerobic exercise in muscle?

A: An anaerobic exercise is a form of exercise that uses no oxygen to break down glucose in the body.…

Q: What would be the ATP yield per molecule of glucose in the muscle if glycogen were the source of the…

A: When the body runs out of glucose which is the most staple substrate for energy production, stored…

Q: Outline the signal- transduction cascade for glycogen degradation in muscle.

A: Glycogen is stored form of carbohydrates in mammals. Glycogen serves as a fuel during exercise.…

Q: Why is the muscle glycogen higher than normal?

A: Glycogen is considered as the complex form of the carbohydrate, which acts as an energy source.…

Q: Describe the changes that occur in skeletal muscle as a result of endurance training. Include a…

A: Endurance training is sustained physical exercise to improve the endurance of an individual.…

Q: Which of the following statements are characteristics of the aerobic respiration method of making…

A: Aerobic respiration is a chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates…

Q: Combining your knowledge of rates of diffusion with yourknowledge of muscle physiology, explain why…

A: Slow-twitch (Type I) fibres, which are characterised by muscles with lengthy contraction duration…

Q: The filaments of skeletal muscle are moved by free energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP. During…

A: During anaerobic glycolysis, glucose is decomposed into lactic acid and releases energy. In the…

Q: How many ATPs are synthesized for every cytoplasmic NADH that participates in the glycerophosphate…

A: The glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is a mechanism that regenerates NAD+ from NADH, a by-product of…

Q: In large groups of muscles, such as the quadriceps, anatomical regions may be designated as surface…

A: There are seven types of muscle fibbers based on their twitching ability, and they are: I (Slow…

Q: Why is it in the muscle’s best interest to export lactic acid into the blood during intense…

A: Lactic acid, also known as lactate, is a chemical byproduct of anaerobic respiration, which is…

Q: Explain how ATP levels regulate glycolysis in resting muscle

A: Glycolysis is a catabolic pathway in which carbohydrates are oxidized to two molecules of pyruvate.…

Q: A potential benefit of recruiting slow oxidative fibers for contraction before recruiting fast…

A: In skeletal muscle fibers, contraction in Slow oxidative (SO) fibers is relatively slow and use…

Q: a. List two compounds that can be produced from pyruvate in skeletal muscle

A: Respiration is a catabolic, biochemical process, that involves the stepwise, complete or incomplete…

Q: Refer to the figure below. VI ATP II ADP II ADP ADP (P) Reference: Ref 20-2 In the figure, which…

A: Myosin filament - two heavy spiral chains wrapped each other. Actin filament - it is double atender,…

Q: What is molecular basis of muscle fatigue?

A: Introduction :- Muscle fatigue is a sign that your muscles' ability to perform is deteriorating with…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.