Types of Chemical Bonds
The attractive force which has the ability of holding various constituent elements like atoms, ions, molecules, etc. together in different chemical species is termed as a chemical bond. Chemical compounds are dependent on the strength of chemical bonds between its constituents. Stronger the chemical bond, more will be the stability in the chemical compounds. Hence, it can be said that bonding defines the stability of chemical compounds.
Polarizability In Organic Chemistry
Polarizability refers to the ability of an atom/molecule to distort the electron cloud of neighboring species towards itself and the process of distortion of electron cloud is known as polarization.
Coordinate Covalent Bonds
A coordinate covalent bond is also known as a dative bond, which is a type of covalent bond. It is formed between two atoms, where the two electrons required to form the bond come from the same atom resulting in a semi-polar bond. The study of coordinate covalent bond or dative bond is important to know about the special type of bonding that leads to different properties. Since covalent compounds are non-polar whereas coordinate bonds results always in polar compounds due to charge separation.
What is a dipole moment?
The electronegativity can be defined as the chemical property which is used to describe the tendency of a given atom to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself. The electronegativity of an atom is affected by both its distance from the nucleus as well as its atomic number.
Greater the electronegativity difference between the atoms that are involved in the bond formation, more will be the ionic character of the bond. The type of bond present between two atoms can be determined from the electronegativity difference of atoms involved in the bond formation as follows:
The electronegativity of the atoms increases as one moves from left to right across the period due to increase in the number of charges on the nucleus due to which the nucleus attracts the bond pair of electrons more strongly. The electronegativity of the atoms decreases as one moves down the group as the distance of the shared pair of electrons from the nucleus increases due to increase in the number of shells , therefore, the nuclear force of attraction on the bonding pair of electrons decreases, hence electronegativity decreases.
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