What is Sarin? What does it do? How does it do it?

Q: What is the role of dendritic cells in the innate immune system?

A:

Q: What is the relationship of adherent cells and trypsin in Animal cell culture?

A: Trypsinization  is the process of cell dissociation using trypsin, a proteolytic enzyme which breaks…

Q: What are cytokines, where do they arise, and how do they function?

A: Answer: Introduction: The group of proteins released by the immune system cells. That proteins work…

Q: What is antibody-mediated immunity ?

A: Immunity is a complex biological system that is endowed with the ability to identify, recognize, and…

Q: What would happen to skeletal muscle if theepimysium were destroyed?

A: The skeletal muscles are responsible for the movement of body structures. It undergoes contraction…

Q: the two immune cells that are temporarily regulated in a peripheral injury response by CNS

A: Answer: The nerve cell body itself reacts to axonal injury in a predictable fashion. Within 6 hours…

Q: How are cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity alike? How are they different?

A: Human have three type of immunity:  Innate immunity: Humans are born with innate immunity such as…

Q: What component of a reticular fibre makes it PAS-positive

A: Reticular fiber , it is special subtype of connective tissue that is indistinguishable during…

Q: What are the functions of antithrombin-III, heparan sulfate,and protein C? How do they affect…

A: Hemostasis is the physiological process by which the flow of blood slows down and the clots are…

Q: What are T Cells and Cell-Mediated Immunity ?

A: Immunity is the ability of multicellular life forms to oppose destructive microorganisms. Immunity…

Q: What are the effects of cold ischemia to tissue processing?

A: cold ischemia is the time interval from in vivo cold organ donor preservation initiation to graft…

Q: What is the primary function of the mucociliary escalat Phonation Immunity Acid-base balance…

A: The main function of the lungs is exchange of gases that is carbon dioxide produced in the cells…

Q: What is active immunity?

A: Everyday we are exposed to a large number of infectious agents however only few of these exposures…

Q: What is Heme substance?

A: Blood is considered connective tissue. It contains red blood cells, white blood cells, and other…

Q: What does it mean that epithelial cells are polarized?

A: The cells are the primary unit of life. It forms the basic structure of the organism and is involved…

Q: The pigment epithelial cells may undergo apoptosis in response to the oxidative stress of free…

A: Retina is the deepest anxious coat, and it contains some extraordinary photo receptor structures…

Q: What are cytokinins?Where are they made?

A: Cytokinins are a class of plant growth hormones that promote cell division and the rapid growth and…

Q: What is cytokines ?

A: White blood cells and other cells of the body secrete cytokines, which are low-molecular-weight…

Q: What are Cadherins?

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are the macronutrients. They are essential…

Q: what are cytokins?

A: There is a recognition system of the foreign substances inside the body called the immune system.…

Q: What are Cytokinins ?

A: Cytokinins: The groups of plant growth promoters are named cytokinins as they help in…

Q: What are the pathways for cytokinin synthesis

A: Introduction:-  Cytokinins are a group of plant hormones that induce cytokinesis in plant roots and…

Q: What is immunity?

A: The cells are the basic, structural, and functional units of life. Plants, algae, bacteria, animals,…

Q: How does the conduction of message take place in nervous system?

A: The nervous system is a highly complex part of an animal which coordinates its actions and sensory…

Q: What are MHC class I and class II receptors and how do they recognize foreignness

A:

Q: does Epithelial cells and Muco-ciliary escalator fights off infection

A: The growth of germs in the body causes infection. The germs are microorganisms, including bacteria,…

Q: What are Nod factors and what do they do?

A: Many nitrogen-fixing bacteria have the ability to penetrate and reside inside the plant root cells.…

Q: What do the three main types of cell-surface receptors have in common? How do they differ?

A: Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors found on the…

Q: What do you mean by chemotropism?

A: A stimulus is a detectable variation in the physical or chemical arrangement of the internal or…

Q: What are the primary response regulator and the primary sensorkinase for regulating chemotaxis?

A: Chemotaxis refers to the movement of a motile organism in a particular direction in response to…

Q: T cells are often discussed in conjunction with the disease AIDS, in which a virus destroys these…

A: T Cells : T cells are part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. They…

Q: What are cytokines? How do cytokines promote inflammation?

A: Introduction  The process of inflammation is how your body's white blood cells and the substances…

Q: What are T cells and what is their importance in the immune system?

A: Lymphocytes are white blood cells, which has main function in immune system. Lymphocytes includes: T…

Q: are there any mature formed elements in the blood that ricin would not affect?

A: Ricin is a lectin obtained from the seeds of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis. It is a highly…

Q: What is a cytokine? What are some functions of cytokines?

A: The immune system is a complex network of biological structures (cell) and protein that defends the…

Q: What is Opsonin?

A: A group of organs that utilize an immune response to defend the body against external substances or…

Q: What is inflammation?

A: Immunity is a term refers to the ability of the body to fight against the antigen by producing…

Q: What are nuclear receptors?

A: Introduction Cell cell communication is very essential process in all the multicellular complex…

Q: What cells release histamine during allergic responses?

A: Hypersensitivity refers to immune response, induced by repeated antigen exposure, that results in…

Q: What signs and symptoms are associated with inflammation?

A: There are some factors such as: Pathogens, Damaged cells, Irritants These are harmful stimuli and…

Q: Multiple sclerosis is a debilitating autoimmune disease that results in the loss of the insulation…

A: Myelin is a fatty substance that coats, shields, and insulates nerves, allowing them to carry…

Q: What is the function of carbohydrate groups present in collagen? Where are the carbohydrate units…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 sub-parts, we’ll answer the first 3. Please resubmit the question and…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.