What is the infectivity of the new influenza strain? Infectivity: number of people infected divided by the number exposed (ok to include the original infected passenger in this example) ok to round up 63% 55% 6% 67%
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the answer i put is wrong but the questions right its not missing anything
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- The 2020 flu shot is an _____ virus vaccine made against three _____ of influenza predicted to cause this season's epidemic. A)attenuated; strains B)inactivated; strains C)inactivated; species D)attenuated; speciesWhich of the following statements concerning antigenic drift in influenza viruses is correct? A-It results in major antigenic changes B-It affects predominantly the matrix protein C-It is exhibited by only influenza A viruses D-It is due to frame shift mutations in viral genes E-It results in new sub types over timeInfluenza vaccines must be changed yearly because the amino acid sequence of the viral proteins change gradually over time. Based on this information, which is the most logical conclusion? The influenza virusa) is enveloped. b) is non-enveloped.c) has a DNA genome. d) has an RNA genome.e) causes a persistent infection.
- Why might you expect an influenza epidemic to be more severe following an antigenic shift in the virus rather than after antigenic drift?Compare and contrast the role and types of viral mutations in 1918 influenza type A virus and SARS-COV-2 in the respective pandemics, paying particular attention to: 1. causes of mutations 2. Key mutations responsible for generating highly pathogenic viral strain. 3. effects of mutated viral gene products on host immune system. 4. effects of newly emergent viral strain on virus spread worldwide.A seasonal outbreak of influenza would be an example of what type of outbreak? a. point-source b. common-source c. propagated d. a and b e. a, b, and c
- According to studies of SARS- CoV-2, the typical genetic mutation rate for this virus is 1 mutation every 16 days, and measles every 39 days, on average. Which virus is likely to have the fastest rate of evolution? A. Ebola B. flu (influenza) C. Measles D. SARS-CoV-2In 1918, an influenza pandemic that originated with avian flu killed 50 million people. Researchers isolated samples of that virus from bodies of infected people preserved in Alaskan permafrost since 1918. From the samples, they sequenced the viral genome, then reconstructed the virus. The reconstructed virus is 39,000 times more infectious than modern influenza strains, and 100 percent lethal in mice. Understanding how this virus works can help us defend ourselves against other deadly influenza strains that arise. For example, discovering what makes it so infectious would help researchers design more effective vaccines. Critics of the research are concerned: If the virus escapes the containment facilities (even though it has not done so yet), it might cause another pandemic. Worse, terrorists could use the published DNA sequence and methods to make the virus for horrific purposes. Do you think this research makes us more or less safe?What is the signifi cance of a virus that can directly infect humans from chickens? Why do you think that the 1997 threat did not turn into a pandemic?
- A new virus has been determined to triple its population size every 5 hours. The virus is introduced to an environment that is regularly sanitized. The environment is sanitized with 95% effective Clorox every 24 hours. Now imagine there is a strand of this virus that is resistant to the Clorox wiping. If 50 non-resistant bodies and 1 resistant virus body is introduced to the environment, how many hours until the resistant virus population surpasses the non-resistant virus population? (Give as a whole number)A patient presents at the clinic with an acute viral infection. Assays that analyze the viral life cycle classify the virus into Group V with a segmented genome. Which virus is the most likely diagnosis for the patient? a. Rabies virus b. Picornavirus c. HIV-1 d. Influenza A virusWhy is H5N1 avian influenza considered a majorthreat to public health?