What is the key difference between tonic and phasic receptors? Why are pain receptors tonic?

Q: Define osteoclast

A: A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton in animals. The bone is com...

Q: Distinguish among the types of neuroglia in the central nervous system.

A: The nervous tissue of the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is on...

Q: Describe the mechanism and feedback system involved in the control of renin release

A: Renin is an enzyme. This enzyme is responsible for the conversion of the protein angiotensinogen to ...

Q: Explain how adrenal medulla stimulation potentiates (prolongs)the effects of the sympathetic divisio...

A: The adrenal medulla and sympathetic nervous system are very important to carry out a physiological r...

Q: The structures that supply the walls of blood vessels with blood area. venous shunts. d. vasa vasoru...

A: The five major categories of blood vessels are arteries, arterioles, venules, veins, and capillaries...

Q: Describe the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system.

A: The nervous system contains the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs and all of the nerves that attach...

Q: ACh excites skeletal muscle and yet it inhibits heart muscle. How can this be?

A: ACh stands for acetylcholine. It is a neurotransmitter which transmits the information from nerves t...

Q: List the structures of the brainstem.

A: A brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrates and most inve...

Q: Which of these organs would not be cut by a section through the midsagittal plane of the body? (a) u...

A: The midsagittal plane is also known as a median plane. It divides the body into two halves. In human...

Q: What is the HPG axis?

A: The HPG axis refers to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis consisting of the hypothalamus, pitui...

Q: Which of these muscles is an extensor of theneck?a. external obliqueb. sternocleidomastoidc. spleniu...

A: Extensor muscle are type of muscles whose contraction causes straightening of body parts. These musc...

Q: What are the three major nitrogenous wastes excreted in the urine?

A: Urine is metabolic by-product synthesized by the kidneys which is liquid in physical state. It is re...

Q: contrast the mucosa of the colon with that of the smallintestine;

A: The digestive system is made up of the hollow organs, i.e., the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small int...

Q: During the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs during thea. G1 phase. b. G2 phase. c. M phase. d. S p...

A: There are two types of cell division namely mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the type of cell divisio...

Q: What are the normal values for a platelet count and aprothrombin time measurement? Name a disorder t...

A: Platelets are the type of blood cells which participates in the coagulation of the blood at the site...

Q: Andre is a 68-year-old grandfather who has been struggling with his memory lately. At first, he was ...

A: Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disease that cannot be reversed. It results in memory slowly slow...

Q: Given these muscles:(1) external abdominal oblique(2) internal abdominal oblique(3) transversus abdo...

A: The two walls responsible for supporting the body's abdominal region are the anterior and posterior ...

Q: identify the body’s three lines of defense againstpathogens;

A: Humans have three lines of defense to fight against the pathogens. The first line of defense is phys...

Q: Which of the following increases the rate of a reaction? a. cold temperatures b. solid reactants c. ...

A: The rate of a rection is basically the speed at a which a reaction proceeds, and they depend on the ...

Q: Diagram a convergent pathway, a divergent pathway, areverberating circuit, and a parallel after-disc...

A: The patterns of neurons organized inside the central nervous system change from comparatively simple...

Q: Describe the organization and function of the layers of thedermis

A: The Dermis is referred to as the layer of the skin that is present below the epidermis. It is the th...

Q: Does playing brain games work on our brains?  What does the research say about these types of games ...

A: Brain games can be referred to as any activity that empowers our thinking which can include word puz...

Q: Explain the process of recruitment?

A: The process of recruitment is associated with muscles. Muscle contractions can be at equal distance ...

Q: When a person develops Paget disease, for unknown reasons thecollagen fibers in the bone matrix run ...

A: Sign of  Paget's disease:  Bone pain, joint pain, especially in the back, hips and knees, and headac...

Q: Over the weekend, Tony, 22 years old, developed severe chest painsthat became worse with deep inhala...

A: A layer of the pericardial membrane supports the heart muscle and is packed with pericardial fluid. ...

Q: The white ramus communicans containsa. preganglionic sympathetic fibers.b. postganglionic sympatheti...

A: Introduction: The nervous system is categorized into the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the cen...

Q: Explain the major events involved in tissue repair

A: The most commonly injured tissues that are weakened include nerves, tendons, and ligaments. During s...

Q: Explain how dandruff is formed.

A: The skin is composed of multiple layers of cells and tissues including the outer epidermis, middle d...

Q: How are action potentials propagated along an excitable membrane?

A: The cell membrane has a membrane potential associated with it. The electric potential outside the ce...

Q: Describe T cell functions in the body.

A: T cells are also called T lymphocytes. They are the type of white blood cells that provide adaptive ...

Q: Define tissue repair. Differentiate between repair byregeneration and repair by replacement.

A: Cells having similar structures group together forming tissues, to perform certain functions in the ...

Q: List and describe at least 3 treatments, tests, or other options that would make sense for an Alzhei...

A: Alzheimer's disease(AD) is defined as a type of progressive degenerative brain disorder where the br...

Q: Describe the characteristics of the three types of fibrousjoints

A: Fibrous joints are immovable or fixed joints consisting mainly of dense connective tissue such as co...

Q: Would the receptors for equilibrium work in space at zero gravity?

A: The ear is the organ of hearing. The components of the ear are the external ear, pinna, external aud...

Q: If the permeability of the plasma membrane to K+ increases, the restingmembrane potential difference...

A: The movement of ions across regions with different concentrations alters the action potential of a c...

Q: What is the chloride shift, and what does it accomplish?

A: Oxygen from inspired air diffuses into the blood at the alveoli surface in the lungs. The blood is r...

Q: Define autolysis

A: Cell death is an important process occurring in multicellular organisms is crucial for maintaining t...

Q: In one form of nuclear decay, a neutronbreaks down into a proton and electron andemits a gamma ray. ...

A: Anabolic reactions are reactions of the metabolic pathway that carry out building up processes. Cata...

Q: Provide a clinical case of electrocardiogram graphs go the following heart abnormalities. a, tachyca...

A: Hi! Thank you for the questions. As you have posted multiple questions, I will be answering the firs...

Q: 1. Dopamine is a excitatory neurotransmitter. When dopamine binds to its receptor, it depolarizes ne...

A: The neurons are specialized cells of the human nervous system. The neurons of the nervous system com...

Q: What is the function of the ileocecal sphincter and valve?

A: Digestion is the process of the breakdown of food into smaller components, so that they can be absor...

Q: What structural type are the sensory nerves of pain in the skin ? (1) Tripolar (2) Unipolar (3) Bipo...

A: Neurons are an essential component of the nervous system whose function is to transmit information i...

Q: Select the correct lettered answer ____ 8. A person’s hands become wrinkled after spending a long, r...

A: Tonicity is referred to as the ability of an extracellular solution to make water move in to or out ...

Q: The nurse has informed the nursing assistant that a resident is dying. What is the best interpretati...

A: A circulatory crisis in the body causes the release of adrenaline which reduces the blood flow to th...

Q: Explain how to maintain body weight.

A: Maintaining a healthy body weight is important as it prevents the risks of developing disease condit...

Q: A physician orders a diet of 20 g of protein, 300 g of carbohydrate, and 80 g of fat. how much calor...

A: The total amount of calories produced when 1 kg of fuel burns (complete combustion) in oxygen combus...

Q: occurs when vesicles form around a liquid or around very small particles and take it into the cell.

A: Pinocytosis is a type of ingestion of the surrounding liquid which is attached to the plasma membran...

Q: Which of the following is not likely to result from endurance training alone?a. Increase in oxidativ...

A: Endurance training is defined as training with a large increase in the frequency of motor unit activ...

Q: List three natural factors that stabilize synovial joints.

A: A synovial joint is referred to as a type of joint present in the body between those bones that can ...

Q: A patient attending an obesity clinic is found to have ketonuria on urinalysis. There is no glycosur...

A: Glycosuria is referred to as the presence of reducing sugars in the urine, such as glucose, galactos...