What should Margie do in this situation? Why?
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Ethics in Action
Margie Johnson is a staff accountant at ToolEx Company, a manufacturer of tools and equipment. The company is under pressure from investors to increase earnings, and the president of the company expects the accounting department to “make this happen.” Margie's boss, who has been a mentor to her, is concerned that if earnings do not increase, he will be terminated.
Shortly after the end of the fiscal year, the company performs a physical count of the inventory. When Margie compares the physical count to the balance in the inventory account, she finds a significant amount of inventory shrinkage. The amount is so large that it will result in a significant drop in earnings this period. Margie's boss asks her not to make the
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What should Margie do in this situation? Why?
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- Your client, Daves Sport Shop, sells sports equipment and clothing in three retail outlets in New York City. During 2019, the CFO decided that keeping track of inventory using a combination of QuickBooks and spreadsheets was not an efficient way to manage the stores inventories. So Daves purchased an inventory management system for 9,000 that allowed the entity to keep track of inventory, as well as automate ordering and purchasing, without replacing QuickBooks for its accounting function. The CFO would like to know whether the cost of the inventory management program can be expensed in the year of purchase. Write a letter to the CFO, Cassandra Martin, that addresses the tax treatment of purchased software. Cassandras mailing address is 867 Broadway, New York, NY 10003.Assume you are employed as the chief financial officer of a corporation and are responsible for preparation of the financial statements, including the adjusting process and preparation of the adjusted trial balance. The company is facing a slow year, and after your adjusting entries, the financial statements are accurately reflecting that fact. However, as you are discussing the matter with your boss, the chief executive officer (CEO), he suggests that you have the power to make further adjustments to the statements, and that you should use that power to adjust the profits and equity into a stronger position, so that investor confidence in the companys prospects will be restored. Write a short memo to the CEO, stating your intentions about what you can and/or will do to make the financial statements more appealing. Be specific about any planned adjustments that could be made, assuming that normal period-end adjustments have already been reflected accurately in the financial statements that you prepared.Assume you are a newly-hired accountant for a local manufacturing firm. You have enjoyed working for the company and are looking forward to your first experience participating in the preparation of the companys financial statements for the year-ending December 31, the end of the companys fiscal year. As you are preparing your assigned journal entries, your supervisor approaches you and asks to speak with you. Your supervisor is concerned because, based on her preliminary estimates, the company will fall just shy of its financial targets for the year. If the estimates are true, this means that all 176 employees of the company will not receive year-end bonuses, which represent a significant portion of their pay. One of the entries that you will prepare involves the upcoming bond interest payment that will be paid on January 15 of the next year. Your supervisor has calculated that, if the journal entry is dated on January 1 of the following year rather than on December 31 of the current year, the company will likely meet its financial goals thereby allowing all employees to receive year-end bonuses. Your supervisor asks you if you will consider dating the journal entry on January 1 instead of December 31 of the current year. Assess the implications of the various stake holders and explain what your answer will be.
- Assume you are a senior accountant and have been assigned the responsibility for making the entries to close the books for the year. You have prepared the following four entries and presented them to your boss, the chief financial officer of the company, along with the company CEO, in the weekly staff meeting: As the CEO was reviewing your work, he asked the question, What do these entries mean? Can we learn anything about the company from reviewing them? Provide an explanation to give to the CEO about what the entries reveal about the companys operations this year.Consider the following conversation between Leonard Bryner, president and manager of a firm engaged in job manufacturing, and Chuck Davis, certified management accountant, the firms controller. Leonard: Chuck, as you know, our firm has been losing market share over the past 3 years. We have been losing more and more bids, and I dont understand why. At first, I thought that other firms were undercutting simply to gain business, but after examining some of the public financial reports, I believe that they are making a reasonable rate of return. I am beginning to believe that our costs and costing methods are at fault. Chuck: I cant agree with that. We have good control over our costs. Like most firms in our industry, we use a normal job-costing system. I really dont see any significant waste in the plant. Leonard: After talking with some other managers at a recent industrial convention, Im not so sure that waste by itself is the issue. They talked about activity-based management, activity-based costing, and continuous improvement. They mentioned the use of something called activity drivers to assign overhead. They claimed that these new procedures can help to produce more efficiency in manufacturing, better control of overhead, and more accurate product costing. A big deal was made of eliminating activities that added no value. Maybe our bids are too high because these other firms have found ways to decrease their overhead costs and to increase the accuracy of their product costing. Chuck: I doubt it. For one thing, I dont see how we can increase product-costing accuracy. So many of our costs are indirect costs. Furthermore, everyone uses some measure of production activity to assign overhead costs. I imagine that what they are calling activity drivers is just some new buzzword for measures of production volume. Fads in costing come and go. I wouldnt worry about it. Ill bet that our problems with decreasing sales are temporary. You might recall that we experienced a similar problem about 12 years agoit was 2 years before it straightened out. Required: 1. Do you agree or disagree with Chuck Davis and the advice that he gave Leonard Bryner? Explain. 2. Was there anything wrong or unethical in the behavior that Chuck Davis displayed? Explain your reasoning. 3. Do you think that Chuck was well informedthat he was aware of the accounting implications of ABC and that he knew what was meant by cost drivers? Should he have been well informed? Review (in Chapter 1) the first category of the Statement of Ethical Professional Practice for management accountants. Do any of these standards apply in Chucks case?Assume that you are the controller of a business that provides legal services to clients. Suppose that the company has had a tough year, so the revenues have been lagging behind, based on previous years standards. What would you do if your boss (the chief executive officer [CEO] of the company) asked to reclassify a transaction to report loan proceeds of $150,000 as if the cash came from service fee revenue from clients instead. Would following the CEOs advice impact the companys accounting equation? How would reclassifying this one transaction change the outcome of the balance sheet, the income statement, and the statement of retained earnings? Would making this reclassification change the perception that users of the financial statements would have of the companys current year success and future year potential? Write a memo, detailing your willingness (or not) to embrace this suggestion, giving reasons behind your decision. Remember to exercise diplomacy, even if you must dissent from the opinion of a supervisor. Note that the challenge of the assignment is to keep your integrity intact, while also keeping your job, if possible.
- 1. Margie Johnson is a staff accountant at ToolEx Company, a manufacturer of tools and equipment. The company is under pressure from investors to increase earnings, and the president of the company expects the Accounting Department to “make this happen.” Margie’s boss, who has been a mentor to her, is concerned that if earnings do not increase, he will be terminated. Shortly after the end of the fiscal year, the company performs a physical count of the inventory. When Margie compares the physical count to the balance in the inventory account, she finds a significant amount of inventory shrinkage. The amount is so large that it will result in a significant drop in earnings this period. Margie’s boss asks her not to make the adjusting entry for shrinkage this period. He assures her that they will get “caught up” on shrinkage in the next period, after the pressure is off to reach this period’s earnings goal. Margie’s boss asks her to do this as a personal favor to him. What should…Margie Johnson is a staff accountant at ToolEx Company, a manufacturer of tools and equipment. The company is under pressure from investors to increase earnings, and the president of the company expects the accounting department to "make this happen." Margie's boss, who has been a mentor to her, is concerned that if earnings do not increase, he will be terminated. Shortly after the end of the fiscal year, the company performs a physical count of the inventory. When Margie compares the physical count to the balance in the inventory account, she finds a significant amount of inventory shrinkage. The amount is so large that it will result in a significant drop in earnings this period. Margie's boss asks her not to make an adjusting entry for shrinkage this period. He assures her that he will get "caught up" on shrinkage in the next period, after the pressure is off to reach this period's earning goal. Margies boss asks her to do this as a personal favor for him. What should Margie…Nancy Thomas is the chief accountant at Company C, a manufacturer of medical equipment. The company is under pressure from creditors to increase its earnings. Shortly after the end of the fiscal year, the company performed a physical count of the inventory. A significant amount of inventory shrinkage was discovered. The amount is so large that it will result in a significant drop in earnings this period. The decrease in earnings will hurt the company's chance at getting a much needed loan at a low interest rate. Nancy is thinking of not reporting the shrinkage until next period, after the company gets its loan. What should Nancy do in this situation? Why?
- As the controller of Take No Prisoners Perfume Company, you discover a misstatement that overstated net income in the prior year’s financial statements. The misleading financial statements appear in the company’s annual report, which was issued to banks and other creditors less than a month ago. After much thought about the consequences of telling the president, Jeb Wilde, about this misstatement, you gather your courage to inform him. Jeb says, “Hey! What they don’t know won’t hurt them. But, just so we set the record straight, we’ll adjust this year’s financial statements for last year’s misstatement. We can absorb that misstatement better in this year than in last year anyway! Just don’t make such a mistake again.” Instructions Who are the stakeholders in this situation? What are the ethical issues in this situation? What would you do as a controller in this situation?George Costanza is an accountant for Vandelay Industries, a footwear and apparel company. The company's revenue and net income have increased by more than 100% over the past three years. During the same period, George and his colleagues in the Accounting Department have not received a raise or salary increase. Frustrated by not receiving a raise while the company has thrived, George has begun submitting expense reimbursements for personal purchases. George has a good relationship with his supervisor, and the supervisor simply "signs off" on George's expense reimbursements. George suspects that his supervisor knows that he is submitting personal expenses for reimbursement and is "looking the other way" because George has not received a raise in the past three years. Are George and his supervisor acting in an ethical manner? Why or why not?Guthrie Company receives orders from customers and records revenue at that time, even though it has not yet delivered products or services to the customers. what accounting assumption violate and how it should be done? Because of inflation, Cross Company adjusts its financial statements each year to show the current purchasing power for all items.what accounting assumption violate and how it should be done? David Thomas combines his personal transactions and business transactions when he prepares his company’s financial statements so that he can tell how well he is doing on an “overall” basis.what accounting assumption violate and how it should be done? At the end of each year, Vann Company reports its economic resources on a liquidation basis even though it is likely to operate in the future. what accounting assumption violate and how it should be done?
