What specific parts of the endocrine system is affected in this case? What are the normal functions of the body system involved in this case? Explain briefly the terminologies/statements in the case (bold and underlined)
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
CASE:
A 68-year-old male patient with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has received optimal metformin monotherapy for the last 2 years (current dose of 2000 mg/day) and tolerates the treatment well. Hypoglycemia has not been an issue to date. His body mass index (BMI) is 28 kg/m2, which he has worked hard to reduce from 35 kg/m2 over the last 2 years. He has mild hypertension, which is well- controlled on a thiazide plus an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. His blood lipids are well-controlled on atorvastatin 10 mg daily. He now presents at the clinic with an HbA1c of 7.6%.
After reviewing the available therapeutic choices and using a shared decision-making model, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor is selected as add-on therapy based upon simplicity of use, tolerability, and the patient’s wish to avoid anything that might cause weight gain.
- What specific parts of the endocrine system is affected in this case?
- What are the normal functions of the body system involved in this case?
- Explain briefly the terminologies/statements in the case (bold and underlined) Discuss the specific structure involved as to:
- The structure/ anatomy
- The function/ physiology
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