Please provide a brief explanation to the different equation of states. In addition, give one example for each equation of states. Keep it concise, clear, direct, comprehensive, and complete. Thank you.

Consider two isolated systems of noninteracting spins with Na=4 and Nb= 16. Their initial energies are Ea= -2uB and Eb= -2ub. (a) What is the total number of microstates available to the composite system?(SOLVED) (b) If the two systems are now allowed to exchange energy with one another, what is the probability that system A has energy Ea?(SOLVED) (c) What is the mean value of Ea and its relative fluctuations? Calculate the analogous quantities for system B.(SOLVED) (d) What is the most probable macrostate for the composite system? (Help pls)

In 1889, James Dewar demonstrated that hydrogen reaches the solid state if cooled to a temperature below 14.01 K (-259.14 C). What happens to the energy levels of hydrogen in the solid state? Please explain each step as I'm having trouble in understanding this subject.

The simple mass on a spring is the basis for our description of almost any oscillation. Let’s consider the vibrational states of a simple diatomic molecule, say N2. We will model it as two identical masses connected by a spring as shown in the figure at the top right.This is a little different from the cart on a spring since there is no wall -- both of the atoms are moving. But if we only look at oscillations of the molecule where the center of mass is not moving, the atoms are moving equally and oppositely. When one is going left, the other goes an equal amount to the right and vice versa. This is like two carts attached to a wall and oscillating equally and oppositely as shown in the lower picture. The only difference is the way we treat the spring. When each atom moves a distance x, the spring between the atoms actually stretches a distance 2x, so the force on each atom is -2kx. We can therefore model the motion of one of the nitrogen atoms as a single “cart on a spring” if we…

Draw an energy level diagram for a nonrelativistic particle confined inside a three-dimensional cube-shaped box, showing all states with energies below 15· (h2/8mL2). Be sure to show each linearly independent state separately, to indicate the degeneracy of each energy level. Does the average number of states per unit energy increase or decrease as E increases?

help, 5 sentences. How do you know if a certain distribution falls under Poisson? Badly need it

Compute the escape speed of a particle from the Earth’s surface. Earth’s radius is 6378 km, and its mass is 5.98 x 1024 kg. (b) Find the mean speed for a helium atom at a temperature of 293 K. (c) Comment on the fact that your answer to (b) is less than the answer to (a). Why then does helium not remain in the atmosphere in signifi cant quantities?

Do you think a material with little or no crystal structure (a "glass") could be superconducting? If yes, explain why or why not.

write the solution step by step and clearly.

Explain the several equations of state have been proposed throughout history.