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- The most efficient way to get firms to reduce pollution is to A set a uniform emissions standard and require all firms to meet the standards B make the worst polluters shut down and go out of businesses C make them pay for the social cost of production and let them decide how to respond to the higher costs D Provide firms and consumers with the information about the effects of their actions and encourage them to behave responsibly Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completelyConcepts illustrated in the Tragedy of Commons that we need to recognize include undersanding natural sysems and how they operate. being aware of how the reality of human nature can impact resources . considering how the Tragedy of the Commons connects with the oncept of sustainability . BOTH being aware of how the reality of human nature can impact resources AND considering how the Tragedy of the Commons connects with the concept of susainability all of the above. The name of the class is introduction to sustainability.2a) Livestock and poultry farming are some of the largest contributors of ammonia emissions. Ammonia has been shown to interact with other pollutants to form ammonium salts that negatively impact air quality and adversely impact human breathing. As a result, economists might suggest that animal products have an associated _________ externality? 2b) Draw the private cost, private benefit, social cost, and social benefit curves in the market for the animal products. If any of the curves are the same, label the curve as both. 2c) Is there market failure if the market runs freely? If so, is the socially optimal quantity of animal products higher or lower than the market outcome? 2d) Provide a policy suggestion that would help to correct any market failures that arise due to this externality. Explain why this would be effective. Can someone please help me and explain this to me please? Thank you so much in advance!!!
- An emissions standard will work best in which of the following cases? Question 2Select one: a. The marginal cost of pollution reduction curve is relatively flat. b. The marginal cost of pollution reduction curve is relatively steep. c. All firms have similar equipment and technology. d. The health effects of a pollutant are relatively unknown. e. Firms have very different equipment and technology.12. Explain in your own words the three strategies where sustainability depends. 3 Strategies: 1. First, the world needs bring population growth under control. 2. Second strategy is conservation of finite resources. 3. Third strategy is reducing waste.A large supermarket applied to build on land which was in an area of natural beauty. The local government allowed the building, even though the natural beauty of the area would be lost, because many jobs would be created and much needed income would be brought to the local community. Which economic ideas cannot be found in the above statement? A external cost and private enterprise B free market and the conservation of resources C opportunity cost and improved standards of living D public sector and external benefit
- Questions for Further Discussion 1. It would seem that neighbors could easily negotiate among themselves to settle problems of local externalities such as noise and unsightly land uses. Yet most communities control these problems with local laws and regula-tions. Why? 2. Suppose courts changed rules regarding burden of proof, requiring polluters to show that their emissions are harmless, rather than pollutees to show that they have been harmed. What impact might this have? 3. Suppose a community weighed each resident's solid-waste disposal when it was picked up and published the individual totals each year in the local newspaper. Do you think this would lead to a reduction in the total quantity of solid waste disposed of in the community?Just answer true or false 1. Mining has negative externalities 2. The social cost of putting up a dam is reduced if the government ensures that the communities adversely affected are relocated in another area with sustainable sources of livelihood 3. Fireworks display during Christmas sponsored by an agency has both positive and negative externalities. 4. When a public space has been enclosed for a concert and people can only get in by buying tickets, the public space is no longer a public good that is non-rival and non-exclusive.Environmentalists and economists often find themselves at odds with each other. The conflict between the romantics and the rationalists surfaced again in the debate over air-quality standards set under the Clean Air Act of 1990. Under the law, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) must establish standards that promote public health. The EPA’s cost-benefit analysis assigns a value for each life saved of $4.8 million. Is $4.8 million a reasonable value to place on a life? What questions would economists consider relevant in determining the value of a life? How would environmentalists react to the questions economists ask?
- 11 When performing a benefit cost analysis of different options to provide clean water to a community, the option that should be chosen is the option that maximizes the benefit to cost ratio. True or False?The climate policy toolkit has, to-date, mostly focused on demand side policies (i.e. policies that affect the pollution demand curve), some of which are ‘command-and control’ and others are market based (e.g. cap-and-trade schemes, carbon taxes). (a) Using a diagram or diagrams, explain how a cap-and-trade scheme could result in pollution reduction. (b) What is the Emissions Reduction Fund and what are its pros and cons? 1(c) Of the following four policy options, which one do you favour as a demandside policy and why? i. command-and-control in terms of a demand side climatechange ii. carbon tax iii. Emissions Reduction Fund iv. cap-and-trade scheme
