Which of the following changes or mutations can be acted upon by natural selection? For each choice, select yes or no. UV radiation induces a mutation in skin cells, [ Choose ] causing uncontrolled cell growth Long-term exposure to toxic aerosols in cigarette smoke causes mutations in the cells [ Choose ] lining the lungs Eugene residents develop an increase in red [ Choose ] blood cell count while backpacking in the Cascade mountain range Excessive exposure to X-ray radiation induces mutations in the sperm cells of some [ Choose ] hospital workers >

Which of the following changes or mutations can be acted upon by natural selection? For each choice, select yes or no. UV radiation induces a mutation in skin cells, [ Choose ] causing uncontrolled cell growth Long-term exposure to toxic aerosols in cigarette smoke causes mutations in the cells [ Choose ] lining the lungs Eugene residents develop an increase in red [ Choose ] blood cell count while backpacking in the Cascade mountain range Excessive exposure to X-ray radiation induces mutations in the sperm cells of some [ Choose ] hospital workers >

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter12: Processes Of Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT

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Which of the following is not true of natural selection? (a) natural selection acts to preserve favorable traits and eliminate unfavorable traits (b) the offspring of individuals that are better adapted to the environment will make up a larger proportion of the next generation (c) natural selection directs the course of evolution by preserving the traits acquired during an individuals lifetime (d) natural selection acts on a populations genetic variability, which arises through mutation (e) natural selection may result in changes in allele frequencies in a population
Which of the following statements is NOT an observation or inference on which natural selection is based? Group of answer choices Only a fraction of an individual’s offspring may survive. Species produce more offspring than the environment can support. There is heritable variation among individuals. Modifications of an organism acquires during its lifetime can be passed to its offspring.
Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Will this cause natural selection to occur? A. No.The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new. B. Yes, warmer temperatures will induce mutations that are favorable to survial in the new teperature regime C. No. The only change will be that species from hot environments will expand their ranges. D. Yes. Traits that help individuals produce more offspring in warmer environments will increase in frequency. E. Yes. Warmer temperatures will increase the rate of chemical reactions in poikilothemic species and thus natural selection will be enhanced.
Which of the following is not true of natural selection?(a) natural selection acts to preserve favorable traits and eliminate unfavorable traits (b) the offspring of individuals that are better adapted to the environment will make up a larger proportion of the next generation (c) natural selection directs the course of evolution by preserving the traitsacquired during an individual’s lifetime (d) natural selection Test Your Understanding acts on a population’s genetic variability, which arisesthrough mutation (e) natural selection may result in changes in allele frequencies in a population
In order for evolution to occur via natural selection on a particular trait, which of the following must be present for that trait? Which out of the 4 answers below is correct? Only 1 answer is correct Variation, mutations, fitness consequences Variation, fitness consequences, mode of inheritance Genetic recombination, variation, mutations Mutations, fitness consequences, mode of inheritance
Natural selection acts upon ____________________________, evolution upon _______________________________. What is the gene pool and how does natural selection act upon it? If a version of a gene confers an advantage to survival and reproduction, that version of the gene will be favored by natural selection and we can expect the frequency of that gene to ______________________ within the population over time. Versions of the gene that do not confer an advantage (or confer a disadvantage) should become _______________ prevalent . This generation to generation change in the gene pool is called ________________________. Changes to the genetic makeup of a population and the individuals within it can arise via two mechanisms. List and describe both. Both of these processes are ________________________________. Once created, new combinations of genes will be acted upon by _________new alleles_______________________. How is Darwinian “fitness” different than the typical definition used in…
An organism’s___________ refers to the specific alleles found within its chromosomes, while the traits that these alleles produce are called its_________ . Which of these does natural selection act on?__________
Green dragons are known by Knights of the Realm to be cleverer and thus more dangerous than both red and brown dragons. Molecular evolutionary alchemists working for the king have determined that a gene called FIZBAN has an average dN/dS (nonsynonymous rate/synonymous rate) ratio of 1.06 in green dragons, compared to 0.66 and 0.44 in red and brown dragons, respectively. What type of selection is this gene under in each dragon species? What type of trait might this gene contribute to? Give an evolutionary history of this gene in green dragons, including principles of population genetics in your answer.
1. Would it have made a difference if natural selection had acted on the dominant allele instead of the recessive one? Why or why not Only answer question 1 below is an information about the question. Data result of Testing Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium with natural selection Chi-square of results from bean model for F1: a. Total of (obs-exp)2/exp = Chi- square value for F1 = 3.1 The resulting chi-squared value is 3.1. b. For a p-value of 0.05 and 2 degrees of freedom, the critical value is 5.99. Our value of 3.1 is smaller than the critical value (5.99), Thus, we cannot reject the null hypothesis. c. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, and is not evolving or It does conform to null hypothesis. Chi-square of results from bean model for F2: a. Total of (obs-exp)2/exp = Chi- square value for F2 = 6.5 The resulting chi-squared value is 6.5. b. For a p-value of 0.05 and 2 degrees of freedom, the critical value is 5.99. Our value of 6.5 is greater than the critical…
TRUE OR FALSE:"Natural selection works on the allelic frequencies of both lethal and beneficial mutations".
One of the lines of evidence that led Darwin to the theory of natural selection was his study of artificial selection. Plant breeders and pigeon breeders select offspring with specific traits in mind beforehand. a) However, since humans are an integral part of the natural world, do you think that artificial selection might be more appropriately termed “natural selection”? Why?
Which of the following BEST describes the theory of natural selection? Living organisms change over time. Each species produces many more offspring than can survive long enough to reproduce. The offspring that do survive contain genes that are inherited from the parents. There is variation among the members of a species. Some of this variation is genetically determined and so can be passed on to future generations. Some individuals have genes that increase their chances for survival and reproduction. These individuals are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes, causing their genes to become more common in the next generation. There is a struggle for existence among the members of a population.