Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but NOT in the lysogenic cycle? a. both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis   b. attachment c. viral protein synthesis d. digestion of host DNA e. entry

Q: At which stage in viral replication does the genetic information enter the host cell? a. Penetration…

A: a)- Penetration

Q: The West Nile virus has what mode of transmission? a) Propagative b) Cyclo-propagative c)…

A: Answer- propagative

Q: In electron micrographs of HSV infection, it can be seen that the intact virus initially reacts with…

A: The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an infection that causes herpes in various parts of the body that…

Q: For a virus to be able to infect a cell, it must   A. Be able to specifically bind to receptors on…

A: Virus are the infective protineous coat found inside a living organism or in extreme conditiin like…

Q: A mutation in phage λ results in 10-fold greater transcription ofthe cII gene. How do you think this…

A: Lambda phage is a temperate phage that undergoes both lysogenic and lytic life cycle. It contains a…

Q: The envelope of an animal virus is usually derived from the _____ of its host cell. a. cell wall c.…

A: Animals, plants, and even microorganisms like archaea and bacteria are infected by viruses. In many…

Q: Receptor molecules can determine the or tendency of a virus to infect a particular tissue type…

A: Tropism is measured by the presence of virus receptors on the surface of a host cell for several…

Q: In your own words, explain how damage to the host cell's DNA can trigger latent bacteriophage to…

A: DNA:  Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil…

Q: Viral “spikes” are usually involved in    A. Uncoating the virus particle  B. Killing the host cell…

A: The small microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye are called microorganisms or…

Q: is able to bind to and cut off the 5' cap of the coronavirus RNA genome once it enters the host…

A: Coronavirus is RNA virus. In order to establish an infection every virus should find the susceptible…

Q: Discuss ways that you might distinguish whether an infectious disease in mice is caused by a virus…

A: Infectious diseases can occur by infectious agents that are protozoa, viruses, bacteria, and fungi.…

Q: Capsid proteins are synthesized during which phase of viral replication? a. replication d.…

A: A virus refers to an infectious particle that possesses its genetic material enclosed inside a…

Q: Why are encapsolated bacteria generally more pathogenic than un-capsolated strains. a. Because…

A: The capsule is a layer of polysaccharide found outside the cell envelope of bacteria.  Capsule gives…

Q: A prophage occurs during the reproduction cycle of Select one: O A. A lysogenic virus. O B. Alytic…

A: Viruses possess two types of life cycle: lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle. The lysogenic cycle of…

Q: The drugs used against HIV in AIDS therapy are not effective against the flu because a. HIV is an…

A: ANSWER -The medicines used against HIV for AIDS does not work against Flu to and this first to…

Q: During viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus…

A: Viruses do not come under the categories of Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes as they exhibit the dual…

Q: Match the best possible fit for the following Animal virus replication stages. A. Attachment B.…

A: Viruses contain nucleic acid/ribonucleic acid in the core region while the exterior/…

Q: Phage conversion in which viruses add genes to a bacterial cell can be considered to be a form of…

A: Answer: Introduction: In horizontal gene transfer, the transfer of genetic material or genes occurs…

Q: Clear patches in cell cultures that indicate sites of virus infection are called a. plaques. b.…

A: Viruses are those microorganisms and they can live inside the host cells or other living things.…

Q: Viruses are acellular because a. they are biological entities that do not have a cellular…

A: Viruses cause a variety of diseases and lies between living and non-living boundaries. The simplest…

Q: Within the long-terminal repeat in the retrovirus genome is a PBS. If the PBS was mutated such that…

A: Retroviruses is a virus that uses RNA as its genetic material. The life cycle of retrovirus  contain…

Q: Antigenic shifts in influenza viruses are represented by dra-matic changes in the viral antigens. It…

A: Influenza virus comprised of segmented nucleic acid, nucleocapsid protein, matrix, matrix protein,…

Q: You are studying your favorite (hypothetical) bacteriophage named M277. It infects E. coli and stays…

A: *Viruses are specific in their species and they will effect every species on earth *The lytic cycle…

Q: a. If you were involved in developing an antiviral drug, what wouldbe some important considerations?…

A: Viruses are intracellular, obligate parasites that contain either deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or…

Q: Define the following terms: a. lytic cycle b. prophage c. transduction d. lysogeny e. nuclocapsid

A: Bacteriophage was a type  virus which uses the  bacterial cell  as a host for the process of…

Q: Describe the infective process of a bacteriophage as it attacks a cell.

A: The virus that infects bacteria is known as Bacteriophage. These bacteriophages infects host cell in…

Q: Which receptor of the influenza virus is most involved in binding tothe respiratory cells?a.…

A: The influenza virus is the causative agent of infection disease known as influenza also called flu…

Q: Which receptors of the influenza virus are responsible for binding tothe host cell?a. hemagglutinin…

A: Influenza virus belongs to class V that contains minus single stranded segmented RNA as their…

Q: Lysogenic cells have phages that are: A actively synthesizing viral proteins B biosynthesizing only…

A: Phage viruses are viruses that infect the cells of microorganisms. On the basis of their host these…

Q: what could be the root causes why the COVID-19 Virus continue to spread? Name 5 main causes..

A: Viruses are infectious microparticles that cannot replicate independently. They infect the…

Q: Briefly describe the two approaches a bacteriophagecan take to trigger an infection once inside its…

A: A virus can be defined as a submicroscopic organism that consists of genetic information either in…

Q: A complete functional virus that has the capacity to infect the living tissue.        A. NOTA B.…

A: The organisms that infect the other organisms or cells are called pathogens. Bacteria can infect…

Q: dsDNA viruses can have more genetic material than SSRNA viruses because: a. RNA catalyzes its own…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary molecule that passes genetic information from one…

Q: Which of the following images shows a phage with a Siphoviridae morphotype? A) B) C)

A: Siphoviridae viruses are double stranded DNA viruses which belong to order Caudovirales. this family…

Q: a "persistent infection" is best described as: A) chronic infection in which viral genes are not…

A: Virus is define as a small submicroscopic infectious organisms containing the nucleic acid DNA or…

Q: Which of the following statements about prions is FALSE? O A They are not viruses. O B They…

A: Prions are made up of misfolded proteins that lack any genome. However, they have the ability to…

Q: Section three. Match virus biosynthesis term with best description. Not all answers are used.…

A: 51) Phage conversion when a virus infects a bacterial cell, it releases its genetic material into…

Q: acteriophages and animal viruses do NOT differ significantly in which one of the following steps ?…

A: Bacteriophages are viruses that attack only bacteria whereas animal viruses are viruses that attach…

Q: two directly trasmitted viral diseases have the same basic reproduction number (R0 - R not) even…

A: These are extremely widespread infections caused by viruses,  a type of microorganism.

Q: In which bacteriophage life cycle does the phage DNA become incorporated into the bacterial…

A: The viruses that infect bacteria are known as bacteriophages and they played a central role in…

Q: Explain how a retrovirus, which has an RNA genome, is able to integrate its genetic material into…

A: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is present as the genetic material in retroviruses. Genetic material of…

Q: Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin? A. it…

A: Antibiotics are chemical compounds that can be used against the bacterial infection in people and…

Q: Which of the following are activities that a virus particle (a virion) cannot accomplish by itself?…

A: A fully assenbled infectious particle is called virion .Virus consist one or more molecule of either…

Q: Moderna and Pfizer vaccines for COVID-19 use mRNA to the Spike protein combined with lipids. Which…

A: Moderna and Pfizer are made from mRNA (messenger RNA), these vaccines deliver the genetic…

Q: Which of the following viral components must get into a cell's cytoplasm in order for the virus to…

A: A and C.

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.