Which of the following factors would tend to increase the risk premium between corporate bonds and Government bonds? Select all that apply. 000 Small market for corporate bonds Economic recession Low average debt-to-equity ratio of firms Tax exemption for interest income from Government bonds
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- Under which of the following situation, would a firm most likely to call its outstanding callable bonds? Group of answer choices a)The firm has financial distress. b)The company’s bonds are downgraded. c)The market interest rate increases d)The market interest rate declinesWhich of the following statements is CORRECT? Group of answer choices The bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach to estimating the cost of common equity involves adding a risk premium to the interest rate on the company’s own long-term bonds. The size of the risk premium for bonds with different ratings is published daily in The Wall Street Journal or is available online. The WACC is calculated using a before-tax cost for debt that is equal to the interest rate that must be paid on new debt, along with the after-tax costs for common stock and for preferred stock if it is used. An increase in the risk-free rate is likely to reduce the marginal costs of both debt and equity. The relevant WACC can change depending on the amount of funds a firm raises during a given year. Moreover, the WACC at each level of funds raised is a weighted average of the marginal costs of each capital component, with the weights based on the firm’s target capital structure. Beta measures market risk,…Which of the following is a disadvantage to a corporation issuing bonds? Group of answer choices A)The required interest payment must be met each period. B)The liquid nature of the bonds makes them attractive to investors who may not want to hold them to maturity. c)The large principal payment due at maturity. d)Both the first and third answers above are both disadvantages. e)The first, second and third answers above are all disadvantages.
- Which of the following events would make it more likely that a company would choose to call it’s outstanding callable bonds? An increase in market interest rates. An increase in the call premium. All the other statements are correct. The company’s bonds are downgraded. A reduction in market interest rates.Which of the following is correct? A. Bonds maturing at a specified single date are called ordinary bonds. B. Equity securities and debt securities differ only in their effect on a company’s cash flow. C. One purpose in holding bonds as a long-term investment is to provide the investor a voting voice in the management of the issuing company. C. On bonds, the yield rate and the nominal rate of interest are always different.Explain why a positive yield spread typically exists between government and corporate bonds of the same maturity and liquidity. What factors determine its magnitude?
- Which of the following events would make it more likely that a company would choose to call its outstanding callable bonds? a. Market interest rates rise sharply. b. Market interest rates decline sharply. c. The company's nancial situation deteriorates signicantly. d. Ination increases signicantly. e. The company's bonds are downgraded. Please explain.Which of the following will increase a firm's aftertax cost of debt financing? Select one: a. increase in a bond's current market price b. decrease in the corporate tax rate c. increase in the dividend yield d. decrease in the market rate of interestTo what extent does the company’s bond issuance policies support or hinder their strategies? For example, if the company is attempting to fund operating expenses, refinance old debt, or change its capital structure, are they issuing sufficient bonds to achieve these goals? Be sure to substantiate claims.
- Discuss the functioning and merits of callable and puttable bonds from an investor’s perspective. Discuss how the price of a puttable bond will differ from the price of a similar, plain vanilla bond and the main determinants of this price difference. In which market environment does the issuance of a callable bond make more sense from a corporate issuer’s perspective?Which of the following securities has a component of liquidity risk premium? Long-term government bonds only since all entities that issued long-term securities may be default in payment. All types of government or corporate security because these constituted to be a liability in the part of the issuer. Long-term corporate security because corporations may find it hard to convert assets to cash for payment. All government bond because this type of security is presumed to be always liquid.You are given the following details of three default free government bonds. Assume that one can take long (buy) and short (sell) positions in these bonds. CF stands for cash flow. Bond Current price Today CF Year 1 CF Year 2 A 95.24 100 0 B 89.85 0 100 C X 70 1070 Assuming that the current market prices of Bond A and Bond B are correct, then, what should be the current theoretical (fundamental) price of Bond C, as per the no-arbitrage principle, i.e., what is the value of X? [Do not round-off any numbers. If at all you want to round-off a number, round it off at 8 decimal places.]