WHich of the following finding at the apex best explains why ventilation-perfusion ratios are higher at the apex than base of a normal upright lungs?

Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory Care: An Integrated Approach
5th Edition
ISBN:9781285244662
Author:White
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Chapter26: Advanced Modes Of Mechanical Ventilation
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WHich of the following finding at the apex best explains why ventilation-perfusion ratios are higher at the apex than base of a normal upright lungs?

a. Alveolar Po2 is higher

b. Alveoli contains more elastin and less collagen

c. Alveoli have less surfacant

d. Change in pleural pressure with each breathe is higher

e. Perfusion is lower

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