Which of the following is not a consequence of activation of the complement system? Select one: a. Lysis of bacteria and other foreign cells b. Repair of damaged tissue c. Increased phagocytosis by phagocytic cells (opsonization) d. Attraction and activation of leukocytes

Q: Describe how the complement system works, and list 3 effects that complement activation has.

A: An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large Y-shaped protein produced by…

Q: Complement can enhance phadocytosis because of the presence on macrophages and neutrophils of…

A: The correct option is C3b.

Q: Describe the function of both T and B memory cells in the immune response. What type of immunity do…

A: Memory cells are responsible for the adaptive immune system.  Memory T cells: At resting state, it…

Q: plement system of defense is opsonization. This process  A.) creates an acidic environment that…

A: Pathogen can be defined as the infectious agent is considered as the biological agent that  will…

Q: What organ is responsible for producing most of the plasma proteins known as the complement system?…

A: The complement system consists of different plasma protein that enhances the ability of antibodies…

Q: An experimental animal is given a drug that blocks phagocytosis. Will this drug prevent the animal’s…

A: The immune system is the system that provides protection against the foreign bodies or disease…

Q: All of the following are involved in the alternative pathway of complement activation except _____.…

A: The alternative pathway is one of three complement pathways that opsonize and kill pathogens. The…

Q: Contrast the pathways of complement activation.

A: The complement system consists of about thirty serum proteins and also some cell surface…

Q: What are the three most important products of the complement system?

A: Complement system : It is also known as complement cascade and is a part of the immune system.…

Q: Which pathway of complement activation acts in conjunction with the action of antibodies? А. the…

A: Immunity is defined as the ability of an organism to resist infections by pathogens or it is the…

Q: Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. Which of the…

A: In the complement system, complement is the protein molecules. The complement system is part of the…

Q: All of the following are true of some or all complement proteins except _____. a. they are soluble…

A: The complement system is part of the immune system which involves specialized proteins that aid the…

Q: Describe in general terms the activation of the host complement system and its three outcomes

A: Complement system- complement system refers to a series of more than 20 proteins circulating in…

Q: What is the function of mucus in preventing infections? Group of answer choices To stimulate the…

A: Mucus is a aqueous layer that is secreted by the mucous membranes.

Q: What clinical symptoms can an inherited deficiency in complement components C3 or C4 lead to?

A: Introduction: There are three primary pathways in the complement cascade, each of which is activated…

Q: Ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes is mediated by receptors for the bound…

A: INTRODUCTION The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the immune system…

Q: your own personal understanding, why are complements important in cellular and humoral mediated…

A: The humoral immunity is referred to as immunity from the antibody. B cells can differentiate into…

Q: What are some factors that trigger the complement cascade?

A: The complement cascade is a system of proteins that accounts for intensifying the antibody’s ability…

Q: The primary role of complement control proteins that operate in the early stages of complement…

A: In response to antigenic stimulation, antibodies are produced which are immunoglobulins. The…

Q: In what process is tumor necrosis factor (TNF) not involved?a. chemotaxis of phagocytesb. fever c.…

A: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is produced by macrophages, lymphocytes, and other immune cells as an…

Q: Immunoglobins help eliminate the pathogen through the process of:

A: Option C . Direct Phagocytosis .

Q: What are 3 functions of the classical complement pathway

A: Answer: Introduction: The complement system, (Complement= protein) also called as complement…

Q: Describe the general actions of the complement system.

A: Introduction: The complement system is a part of the innate immune system and is involved in…

Q: Which compound is most likely responsible for initiating the inflammation response that results from…

A: An autoimmune disease's symptoms vary depending on whatever region of your body is afflicted. The…

Q: If C3b was prevented to bind to C5 convertase, would the complement system still illicit an immune…

A: The immune system is responsible for the protection against the pathogens. The white blood cells or…

Q: Describe the initiation and activation of classical complement pathway.

A: Compliments are a group of thermo labile  enzymetic proteins found in the serum and body fluid and…

Q: These antibodies are capable of stimulating complement, causing type II

A: An antibody (Ab), otherwise called an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a huge, Y-formed protein utilized by…

Q: A(n) _____ is an inactive form of an enzyme that frequently participates in a cascade of enzymatic…

A: An enzyme is a catalytic molecule that increases the rate of a reaction without getting used up in…

Q: Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect.  Which of the following examples below…

A: An autoimmune disease is a condition in which your immune system erroneously attacks your body. The…

Q: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a disease characterized by lysis of red blood cells, which…

A: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. It is a rare disease that is caused by a mutation in bone…

Q: Describe these 2nd Line of Defenses Inflammation phagocytosis complement system fever Interferons

A: Immunity relates to the capability of the body to prevent infections from occurring. A pathogen is…

Q: what is the importance of complements in cellular and humoral mediated immunity?

A: The complement system which is also known as the complement cascade enhances or promotes the ability…

Q: Which of the following is NOT true regarding the alternative complement pathway? It can be triggered…

A: There are three types of complement pathways: Classical pathway Alternative pathway Lectin pathway

Q: The cytolytic action of the complement system is most similar to the action ofa. interleukin-1.b.…

A: Complement system- It is a cascade system, plays a role in immune system by enhancing the antibodies…

Q: Which of the following is not involved in first line defense? a-Mucus membranes b-Saliva c-Sweat…

A: Introduction :- The mouth, nose, eyelids, trachea (windpipe), lungs, stomach, intestines, ureters,…

Q: What is the only known effect of deficiencies in complement components C5–C9? Explain this effect.

A: Introduction: The innate humoral immune system relies heavily on the complement system. The…

Q: ____________interferon, produced by T lymphocytes, activates cellscalled _____________ and is…

A: The immune system is a complex network of biological structures (cell) and protein that defends the…

Q: Maria, who is 3 years old, was stung by a bee. The area where the stinger entered the skin became…

A: The inflammatory response occurs when tissues are injured by bacteria, trauma, toxins, heat, or any…

Q: Which of the following are opsonins? Group of answer choices interleukins histamine oleic acid…

A: Opsonization Itvrefered to the capacity of the antibodies and the complement components to coat the…

Q: Which of the following is the end product of the complement system?a. properdin b. cascade reaction…

A: The complement system helps antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens, it consists of a…

Q: Define complement cascade

A: Biology terms are fundamental concepts and terms used in biology, which is the study of life and…

Q: Naturally acquired active immunity would be most likely acquired through which of the following…

A: Acquired immunity is an immunity that is acquired during the life on exposure to environment. There…

Q: If neutrophils consume pathogens through phagocytosis, why are they categorized under the 2nd line…

A: Immunity is the body's ability to fight a potential disease agent or a situation that can cause…

Q: Which leukocyte is responsible for managing the duration of an inflammatory response and triggering…

A: The inflammatory response is the cornerstone of the body's defense against virus, bacteria, toxins…

Q: The complement system is an important part of our defense against infections, describe three ways in…

A: The immune system checks the body for infections or problem-causing chemicals and fights any harmful…

Q: Which of the following does not describe the outcome of complement activation? a. chemotaxis b.…

A: The complement system is a cascade that is a part of the immune system. The complement system…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.