Which of the following relationships is correct? O actual budget deficit = structural deficit + cyclical deficit O cyclical deficit actual budget deficit + structural deficit O actual budget deficit cyclical deficit - structural deficit cyclical surplus = actual budget deficit - cyclical deficit O actual budget deficit = structural deficit - cyclical deficit
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- This problem gets at the question of whether a government can run a budget deficit forever. For a government to avoid defaulting on its debt, it has to ensure its Debt/GDP ratio doesn’t get too big. Assume that ratio is not too big in the US right now, even though it’s about 100%.a) US nominal GDP has been rising by about 4% in recent years. Assume that continues. How much can US government debt rise each year in percent and keep the Debt/GDP ratio constant? b) If US government debt equaled $23 trillion at the start of this year, how big of a budget deficit could the US government run in dollars this year and still keep its Debt/GDP ratio constant?7). Spending promises made by govemments that are effectively a debt despite the fact that they are non included in the usual debt statistics. O. enhancement debt O. foreign liabilities O. implicit liabilities O. inordinate debt 8). When the interest on government debt drives the debt level even higher. O. debt spiral O. debt vibration O. debt revolution O. debt ordinanceIf the government were to try to offset surplus years with deficit years over the business cycle, this would result in O A. a reduction in investment capital. O B. a higher debt-to-GDP ratio. OC. an annually balanced budget. O D. a structurally balanced budget. O E. a cyclically balanced budget.
- 16. Which of the following statements is (are) correct? I. If the current inflation rate is positive, the inflation-adjusted government budget deficit will be smaller than the nominal government budget deficit.II. Under the capital budgeting, if the Government pays off its debt by selling an infrastructure it owns, it will not affect the government budget deficit. Answer: ________a) None of the above.b) I only.c) II only.d) Both I and II.9. True or false? If the statement is false, explain why: LO4 a. An internally held public debt is like a debt of the left hand owed to the right hand. b. The Federal Reserve and federal government agencies hold more than half the public debt. c. As a percentage of GDP, the federal debt held by the public was smaller in 2010 than it was in 1990. d. As a percentage of GDP, the total U.S. public debt is the highest such debt among the world’s advanced industrial nations.Suppose that the investment demand curve in a certain economy is such that investment declines by $110 billion for every 1 percentage point increase in the real interest rate. Also, suppose that the investment demand curve shifts rightward by $170 billion at each real interest rate for every 1 percentage point increase in the expected rate of return from investment. If stimulus spending (an expansionary fiscal policy) by government increases the real interest rate by 2 percentage points, but also raises the expected rate of return on investment by 1 percentage point, how much investment, if any, will be crowded out? Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.
- 25) The graph above shows the market for a one-year discount bond with a face value of $1,000. The government's budget deficit increases by $150 million and to finance that deficit it borrows in this market. This will result in the private-sector borrowing to be crowded out by X dollars. What is the value of X? O. 50 O. 100 O. 150 O. 200 26). The graph above shows the market for a one year discount bond with a face value of $1,000. The government's budget deficit increases by $150 million and to finance that deficit it borrows in this market. This results in the private-sector borrowing to be crowded out. At the end, the private sector will end up borrowing X dollars. What is the value of X? O. 50 O. 100 O. 150 O. 200 O. 250A- Suppose potential GDP is $20 trillion. If the economy produces at potential, then the government budget deficit is $1 trillion. If actual GDP is $19 trillion, the government deficit is $1.25 trillion. The cyclically adjusted budget deficit is ___ trillion (do not enter a ‘$’ sign Assume an interest rate of 5%. What is the maximum amount an individual would be willing to give up today in exchange for $1, paid 30 years in the future? Suppose the government has promised to pay $100 billion dollars in benefits 10 years from now. Assuming an interest rate of 4%, what is the present discounted value (PDV) of the obligation? Answer in billions of dollars, rounded to two decimal places.Now suppose that the gross national debt initially is equal to $2.5 trillion and the federal government then runs a deficit of $100 billion. What is the new level of gross national debt? If 100 percent of this deficit is financed by the sale of securities to the public, what happens to the level of debt held by the public? What happens to the level of gross debt? 3. If GDP increases by 6 percent in the same year as the deficit is run, what happens to the gross debt as a percentage of GDP? What happens to the level of debt held by the public as a percentage of GDP?
- Q No.3 What we mean by Economic dues in case of Fiscal Policy in Islamic Economy? Discuss the function of Economic dues in the context of Zakah as a non-discretionary fiscal policy tool of Islamic Economy.2) The short and medium run a) Suppose that the mark-up of goods prices over marginal costs is 10% and that the wage-setting equation is W = P(1 – u), where u is the unemployment rate. Calculate the real wage, asdetermined by the price-setting equation and the natural rate of unemployment. b) Consider a situation (A) where the government increases its spending G, while keeping thetaxes T unchanged leading to an expansionary fiscal policy. Show in diagram below, whathappens to output and prices in the (B) short run and (C) medium run? Don’t forget to label theaxis.(images)