White eyes is a Drosophila phenotype that is linked to a mutant, recessive, X- inked allele. Wild-type females with heterozygous genotypes are crossed with white eye males. Indicate the predicted percentages of offspring with wild type phenotypes or white eye phenotypes for both females and males. • White eye females with are crossed with wild-type males. Indicate the predicted percentages of offspring with wild type phenotypes or white eye phenotypes for both females and males.
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- In Drosophila, the fruit fly, white eyes are determined by a recessive X-linked gene and the wild-type or normal brick-red eyes are due to its dominant allele. Use symbols of the following types: XrY = a white-eyed male; XRXR = a homozygous normal red female Show the genotypes and list the phenotypes of the F1 offspring Now, cross the F1 offspring. Show the genotypes and list the phenotypes of the F2 offspring.In Drosophila, singed bristles (sn) and cut wings (ct) are both caused by recessive, X-linked alleles. The wild type alleles (sn+ and ct+) are responsible for straight bristles and intact wings, respectively. A female homozygous for sn and ct+ is crossed to a sn+ct male. The F1 flies are interbred. The F2 males are distributed as follows: genotype number sn ct 15 sn ct+ 34 sn+ ct 33 sn+ct+ 18 What is the map distance between sn and ct?In Drosophila fruit flies, the genes for warped wings (dwp), rumpled bristles (rmp), and pallid wings (pld) are linked. A trihybrid female for all three allleles is crossed with homozygous recessive male for all three alleles and the offspring obtained showed the following phenotypes: 3 pld rmp dwp 428 pld rmp + 427 + + dwp 48 + rmp + 47 pld + dwp 23 pld + + 2 + + + 22 + rmp dwp What is the order and map distance between these three alleles?
- In Drosophila, the vermilion eye color is determined by a recessive allele, v, of an X-linked gene. The wildtype color is determined by the v+ allele and causes a brick red eye color. In a cross of a heterozygous female with a wild type male you observe 340 red eye females, 136 red eye males, and 90 vermillion males. Do these results follow your expectations?Consider the following three autosomal recessive mutations in Drosophila:vestigial wings (v); wild type is long (v+)black body color (b); wildtype is gray (b+)plum eyes (p); wildtype is red (p+)A vestigal, gray, red female (homozygous for all three genes) is crossed with a long wing, black, plum male (homozygous for all three genes). The F1 female progeny are mated with triple homozygous recessive males. Here is the phenotypic data for the F2 progeny:vestigal; gray; red 580long wings; black; plum 592vestigal; black; red 45long; gray; plum 40vestigal; black; plum 89long; gray; red 94vestigal; gray; plum 3long; black; red 5A total of 1448 progeny were counted.Which one of the following values is the approximate distance between the plum eye color and black body color loci?The recessive allele s causes Drosophila to have small wings, and the s+ allele causes normal wings. This gene is known to be X linked. If a small-winged male is crossed with a homozygous wild-type female, what ratio of normal to small-winged flies can be expected in each sex in the F1? If F1 flies are intercrossed, what F2 progeny ratios are expected? What progeny ratios are predicted if F1 females are backcrossed with their father?
- Imagine that you set up a three-point mapping cross to determine the order of three X-linked genes. You have recessive mutations available for all three genes: yellow, white, and echinus. A heterozygous F1 Drosophila female is crossed to hemizygous mutant male. The observed numbers and phenotypes of F2 are as follows. 4685 yellow, white, echinus 4759 wild type 80 yellow 70 white, echinus 193 yellow, white 207 Echinus 3yellow, echinus 3white Based on this data which of the above phenotypic classes represent the double crossing over? Each answer yields a clue useful in following question. Choose all that applyImagine that you set up a three-point mapping cross to determine the order of three X-linked genes. You have recessive mutations available for all three genes: yellow, white, and echinus. A heterozygous F1 Drosophila female is crossed to hemizygous mutant male. The observed numbers and phenotypes of F2 are as follows. 4685 yellow, white, echinus 4759 wild type 80 yellow 70 white, echinus 193 yellow, white 207 Echinus 3yellow, echinus 3white Based on this data which of the above phenotypic classes represent the PARENTAL types? Each answer yields a clue useful in following question. Choose all that applyIn Drosophila, white eyes (w) are recessive to red eyes (w+) at one locus and black body (b) is recessive to gray body (b+). A homozygous white eyes, gray bodied female is crossed with a homozygous red eyes, black bodied male to produce the F1 progeny. The F1 progeny are testcrossed and produce the following progeny: White eyes, black body: 212 White eyes, gray body: 288 Red eyes, black body: 308 Red eyes, gray body: 192 Does the evidence indicate that w and b loci are linked? Explain why or why not? If they are linked, what is the map distance between the two loci? If they are not linked, what is the map distance between the two loci? If they are linked, are the allels in the F1 in coupling or repulsion? How do you know? Draw the genotypes of all individuals described in the problem (original parents, F1, testcross, and F2 progeny) using the appropriate notation.
- In Drosophila, a cross was made between females expressing thethree X-linked recessive traits, scute bristles (sc), sable body (s),and vermilion eyes (v), and wild-type males. All females were wildtype in the F1, while all males expressed all three mutant traits.The cross was carried to the F2 generation and 1000 offspringwere counted, with the results shown in the following table. Nodetermination of sex was made in the F2 data. Question:Calculate the coefficient of coincidence; does this represent positive or negative interference? Phenotype Offspringsc s v 314+ + + 280+ s v 150sc + + 156sc + v 46+ s + 30sc s + 10+ + v 14You have a Drosophila line that is homozygous for autosomal recessive alleles a, b, and c, linked in that order. Youcross females of this line with males homozygous for thecorresponding wild-type alleles. You then cross the F1 heterozygous males with their heterozygous sisters. You obtain the following F2 phenotypes (where letters denoterecessive phenotypes and pluses denote wild-type phenotypes): 1364 + + +, 365 a b c, 87 a b +, 84 + + c,47 a + +, 44 + b c, 5 a + c, and 4 + b +.a. What is the recombinant frequency between a andb? Between b and c? (Remember, there is no crossingover in Drosophila males.)b. What is the coefficient of coincidence?A cross was performed using Drosophila melanogaster involving a female known to be heterozygous for both ebony body and sepia eyes and a male known to be homozygous for both of these recessive traits. The following data was produced from the cross. Test these data to determine if they are significantly different from the expected phenotypic ratio. Remember to use the 5% level of significance Wild eye Wild body – 102, Wild eye Ebony body – 94, Sepia eye Wild body – 100, Sepia eye Ebony body – 93. Your answer should include the hypothesized cross in genotypes, the Chi-squared value, the critical value and whether you reject or do not reject.