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Why is it harder to fire a second action potential in the relative refractory period?

Principles of Instrumental Analysis

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305577213

Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch

Publisher:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch

Chapter23: Potentiometry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23.7QAP

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Question

Why is it harder to fire a second action potential in the relative refractory period? Choose from the following.

1. Many stimulus-gated ion channels are inactivated so the membrane is less permeable to Na⁺.

2. Many voltage-gated K⁺ channels are inactivated and the cell is permeable to Na⁺.

3. Many voltage-gated Na⁺ and K⁺ channels are inactivated so the membrane is less permeable to these ions.

4. Many voltage-gated Na⁺ channels are inactivated and the cell is permeable to K⁺.

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