Why is virulence expected to increase with vector or water-borne transmission, relative to direct transmission?  Using the concept of a “cost of virulence”, explain how vertical transmission or transmission in a hospital is thought to affect the level of virulence favored by natural selection

Complete Textbook Of Phlebotomy
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Chapter2: Safety In Phlebotomy
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Why is virulence expected to increase with vector or water-borne transmission, relative to direct transmission?  Using the concept of a “cost of virulence”, explain how vertical transmission or transmission in a hospital is thought to affect the level of virulence favored by natural selection? 

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