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d. Write the genotypes of the parents used in the testcross using the correct notation
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- Imagine that you are performing a cross involving seed texture in garden pea plants. You cross true-breeding round and wrinkled parents to obtain F1 offspring. Which of the following experimental results in terms of numbers of plants are closest to what you expect in the F2 progeny? a. 8lOroundseeds b. 8lOwrinkledseeds c. 405:395 round seeds:wrinkled seeds d. 610:190 round seeds:wrinkled seedsA researcher crosses two white-flowered lines ofAntirrhinum plants as follows and obtains the followingresults:pure line 1 × pure line 2↓F1 all whiteF1 × F1↓F2 131 white29 reda. Deduce the inheritance of these phenotypes; useclearly defined gene symbols. Give the genotypes ofthe parents, F1, and F2.b. Predict the outcome of crosses of the F1 with eachparental line.You identify a gene that determines the size of the pods of a pea plant. To study the phenotype associated with this trait, you cross a plant that is homozygous for the “long pod” allele with a pea plant that is homozygote for “short pod” allele. When measuring the length of the pods of the parents and resulting offspring, you obtain the following data: Plant Length (cm) Homozygous (“Wide” allele) 15 cm Homozygous (“Short” allele) 4 cm Resulting cross breed 9 cm What can you conclude about this phenotype/trait? Long and short alleles are codominant Wide allele shows incomplete dominance over the short allele Wide allele shows complete dominance over the short allele Short allele shows complete dominance over the long allele The wide and short genes are linked
- A plant geneticist is examining the mode of inheritance of flower color in two closely related species of exotic plants. The first species may have two pure-breeding lines—one produces a distinct red flower; and the other produces flowers with no color at all, or very pale yellow flowers. However, she cannot be sure. A cross of these varieties produces all pink-flowered progeny. The second species exhibits similar pure-breeding varieties; that is, one variety produces red flowers; and the other produces an albino or very pale yellow flower. A cross of these two varieties, however, produces orange-flowered progeny exclusively. Analyze the mode of inheritance of flower color in these two plant species.Colored aleurone in the kernels of corn is due to the dominant allele R. The recessive allele r, when homozygous, produces colorless aleurone. The plant color (not kernel color) is controlled by another gene with two alleles, Y and y. The dominant Y allele results in green color, whereas the homozygous presence of the recessive y allele causes the plant to appear yellow. In a testcross between a plant of unknown genotype and phenotype and a plant that is homozygous recessive for both traits, the following progeny were obtained: colored, green 88colored, yellow 12colorless, green 8colorless, yellow 92Explain how these results were obtained by determining theexact genotype and phenotype of the unknown plant, including the precise association of the two genes on the homologs (i.e., the arrangement).A sugarcane plant with yellow pollen and wavy leaves is crossed with a plant with yellow pollen andsmooth leaves. Seed are collected and germinated. The following results are obtained in the progeny:153 yellow pollen, wavy leaves145 yellow pollen, smooth leaves48 white pollen, wavy leaves 51 white pollen, smooth leavesa. For each locus (trait), assign appropriate symbols for the alleles of the genes, indicate thedominance interaction between the two alleles, and give all possible genotypes and theirassociated phenotypes.b. Give the genotypes of the parents of this cross.c. Give the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the progeny of this cross. Please use aPunnett square to visualize your cross. Thank you very much for your assistance as it is greatly appreciated, a like is guaranteed if all subquestions are answered.
- Consider a two-factor cross between a pure breeding plants: one with purple flowers and yellow seed pods and another with white flowers and green seed pods. 100% of F1 offspring have purple flowers and green seed pods. If these F1 plants are self-fertilized, what proportion of F2 offspring are expected to have purple flowers and green seed pods? You may assume independent assortment of the flower color and seed pod color alleles. Please give your answer as a decimal rounded to two decimal places (e.g. 0.69).Many of the color varieties of summer squash are determined by two different interacting genes A and B: AA or Aa gives white colored squash, aaBB or aaBb gives yellow squash, and aabb produces green squash. A plant producing white squash is crossed with a plant producing green squash. One half of the offspring produces white squash; the other half produces green squash. What is the genotype of the parent plant producing white squash? AAbb AABB AaBb Aabb AaBBAfter crossing a tall plant with purple flowers (TtPp) and a dwarf plant with white flowers (ttpp), you obtain the following offspring counts. Assuming independent assortment, what is the expected number of offspring that are short plants with purple flowers? Please round your answer to the nearest integer. phenotype count tall, purple 245 short, purple 252 tall, white 251 short, white 252
- In a certain type of pea plant, the gene for yellow color (Y) is dominant to the gene for green color (y), and the gene for round shape (R) is dominant to the gene for wrinkled shape (r). If a homozygous dominant plant is mated with a homozygous recessive plant (P-gen), what proportion in the F2 generation will be homozygous recessive? a) 1/4 b) 1/16 c) 3/4 d) 3/8Two true breeding plants are cross pollinated. One plant is homozygous dominant for heightand color while the other is homozygous recessive for height and color. (A:tall, a:short, B:brown,b:red) The F1 plants are allowed to self-fertilize to produce an F2 generation. After conductingan experiment we get the following results:398 tall and brown plants122 tall and red plants128 short and brown plants45 short and red plants Using the Chi Square formula and table, determine if your results support the hypothesis ofindependent assortment or not. Show your work. You don’t need to show your Punnett Squaresif you include a statement as to how you figured out the appropriate phenotypic ratio for the F2generation. Round to 1 decimal.4a. What possible gametes can the following individual make: AaBb4b. What possible gametes can the following individual make: AaBbCCIn a certain plant, fruit is either red or yellow, and fruit shape is either oval or long. Red and oval are the dominant traits. Two plants, both heterozygous for these traits, were testcrossed, with the following results. Progeny Phenotype Plant A Plant B red, long 46 4 yellow, oval 44 6 red, oval 5 43 yellow, long 5 47 100 100 Determine the location of the genes relative to one another and the genotypes of the two parental plants.