Write the Lewis symbols of the ions in each of the following ionic compounds and the Lewis symbols of the atom from which they are formed:(a) MgS(b) Al2O3(c) GaCl3(d) K2O(e) Li3N(f) KF

Q: Use the above bond energy table to calculate the enthalpy of the following reaction in kJ/mol: 2H2)…

A: Using bond energies, the enthalpy of a reaction is the difference of the sum of the bond energies of…

Q: Acetyl chloride, CH:C(O)CI, is used as a reagent for the acylation of salicylic acid in the…

A: Answer: The molecule which has a net dipolemoment would be the polar in nature. The acetyl chloride…

Q: 2.What is the equation for assigning formal charges on an atom in a covalently bonded species?

A: The formal charge of an atom in a polyatomic molecule or ion may be defined as the difference…

Q: Cyanic acid, HOCN, and isocyanic acid, HNCO, dissolve in water to yield the same anion on loss of…

A: The structure which represents the valence shell electrons in a molecule, is called the Lewis…

Q: In which of the following compounds does hydrogen bear a partial negative charge: (a) CH4, (b) NH3,…

A: In a bond, the ability of the atoms to attract the shared pair of electrons itself is called…

Q: 1.38, Assuming the following species consist of ions, write the tions and (if appropriate) the Lewis…

A: Here, we have to write the electronic configurations and draw the Lewis symbol for the cations that…

Q: Write the Lewis structure of the compound MgO.

A:

Q: Draw the Lewis structures of the polyatomic ions and assign formal charges.

A: Given :-  Polyatomic ions = i)  NH4+                               ii)  CO32-  To draw :-  Lewis…

Q: What is the formal charge on one of the singly bonded oxygen atoms in the Lewis structure for the…

A:

Q: What's the written lewis structure for C2H5O2N and how many valence electrons?

A: Lewis’s structure: Lewis’s bonding theory is based on the octet rule. The Lewis structure is a…

Q: Draw the Lewis dot structure and calculate the formal charges of the oxygen and phosphorus atoms of…

A: Formula to calculate formal charge:    formal charge = [number of valence electron on atom] -…

Q: Write the Lewis dot symbols of the reactants and products in the following reactions. (First balance…

A: While drawing Lewis structure of any chemical compound,  it is very important to consider the number…

Q: If AH° of a mock reaction, H2(g) + X2(g) → 2HX (g) is -184.7 kJ/mol, given the bond energy of H-H is…

A: Thermodynamic is the branch of chemistry that mainly deals with the heat transfer between system and…

Q: bond enthalpies and the balanced reaction below, ca

A:

Q: Calculate the enthalpy change of the reactants Mg + 2 HCl ΣAH reactant ( 0 + 2 ( 92.3 ) =

A: The amount of energy lost or gained during the course of the reaction is known as the Enthalpy…

Q: Draw Lewis structures for these ions and show which atom (or atoms) in each bears the formal charge.…

A: Valence electrons on C = 4 Valence electrons on H = 1 Lewis structure is a way of representation of…

Q: Which of the following ionic compounds has the greatest lattice energy? 1. NaF 2. KBr 3. CrN…

A: Lattice energy depends on the charge of the ions and the size of the ions. Lattice energy increases…

Q: Draw three resonance structures for carbonate ion, CO32-, and assign formal charges  on all the…

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Q: Draw Lewis structures of free radicals The ethyl radical, CH3¬ CH2

A: Lewis structure is a way of representing the describes the bonding pattern between each atom…

Q: Draw the Lewis structuresfor the following compounds:   CH3OH…

A:

Q: Carbonic acid is a diprotic oxyacid with the molecular formula H2CO3. c) Draw the Lewis structure…

A: Lewis dot structure - It is the structural representation of the molecule which is shown by the…

Q: e the lattice energy of MX.

A:

Q: One of the following pictures(Figure 1) represents NaCl and one represents MgO. Which is which?…

A: Introduction: We have to tell which picture represent NaCl and which is MgO.

Q: Draw Lewis structures for these ions and show which atom in each bears the formal charge. Q.) HCO3-

A: HCO3- is known as hydrogen carbonate ion or bicarbonate ion.

Q: Which of the three Lewis structures shown here for the carbamic acid, NH2COOH, molecule is the…

A:

Q: Draw all of the possible Lewis structures for the thiocyanate ion molecule, SCN" a) assign formal…

A: Find the formal charge on each atom in structure of thiocyanate ion SCN-

Q: Write a Lewis symbol for atom or ion. Mg2+

A: The term valence shell electrons can be defined as the electrons that are present in the outermost…

Q: Draw a Lewis structure for ethylene, a compound of molecular formula C2H4, in which each carbon is…

A: Lewis structures, also known as Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures,…

Q: Draw Lewis diagrams for the three resonance forms of thecarbonate ion, CO32-. In what range do you…

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Q: Draw the Lewis structure of ClO3-. Include formal charges.

A: In ClO3- ion the central atom is chlorine and the number of valence electrons present is seven.…

Q: Bond dissociation enthalpy of F2is less than that of Cl2. Why?

A: The bond dissociation enthalpy is the energy needed to break one mole of the bond to give separated…

Q: 2. Write the Lewis dot symbols of the reactants and products in the following reactions. (First…

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Q: 3. The reaction in this experiment contains iron nitrate and potassium thiocyanate as reactants, and…

A: Lewis’s structure:Lewis’s bonding theory is based on the octet rule. The Lewis structure is a…

Q: Aluminum oxide (Al₂ O₃) is a widely used industrial abrasive(emery, corundum), for which the…

A: The hardness of  Aluminum oxide implies about the magnitude of the lattice energy has to be…

Q: Write the Lewis structures for CH2N2, including all resonance forms, and show formal charges.

A: Lewis structure is the electron dot representation of a compound showing the covalent bonds between…

Q: (a) Does the lattice energy of an ionic solid increase or decrease(i) as the charges of the ions…

A: (a)(i)Lattice energy is the energy required to overcome the force of attraction between the ions of…

Q: Write a Lewis electron dot diagram for phosphoryl chloride,POCl3 (Fig. 3.29). Assign formal charges…

A: Lewis dot structures are proposed by the scientist named Lewis to show the valence electrons around…

Q: We can define average bond enthalpies and bond lengthsfor ionic bonds, just like we have for…

A: The given ionic compounds are Li–F and Cs–F.

Q: s the Lewis structure of formaldehyde, also known as "formalin", a fixative for biological…

A: We can use the concept of dipole moment to find the partial positive and negative charge.

Q: What is the Lewis symbol of the element beryllium?

A: Lewis symbol of an element represents the valence electrons present in that atom using dots around…

Q: Given the Lewis symbols for nitrogen and fluorine in Figure 8.2, predict the formula of the stable…

A: The representation of the number of valence electron an element has by using dots is called the…

Q: 2) Using bond energies, verify that the complete combustion of ethene gas, C2 H4 (g) (H2C = CH2), to…

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Q: Draw three resonance forms for the nitrate ion NO3−, (Fig.3.31), and estimate the bond lengths.

A: Draw three resonance forms for the nitrate ion NO3−,  and estimate the bond lengths.

Q: 1. Using Table 7.2 and 7.3 from Section 7.5 of the OpenStax textbook entitled Chemistry 2E by…

A:

Q: Based on average bond enthalpies, would you expect a photon capable ofdissociating a C¬Cl bond to…

A: The strength of the bond is determined in the terms of the bond energy.  The stronger is the bond,…

Q: How many covalent bonds are there in ClO2? Assume Cl will expand its octet to minimize formal…

A: Formal charge on an atom can be calculated as:

Q: Draw the Lewis structures for three resonance forms of the nitrate ion, NO,. Include electron lone…

A: Lewis structure represents the systematic arrangement of atoms around the central atom. Electrons in…

Q: Calculate the Enthalpy Change (ΔH) from average bond energies, which have been listed below in…

A: The reaction enthalpy can be determined by ∆H=∆HReactant-∆HProduct The reaction is written as

Thermochemistry

Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.    

Exergonic Reaction

The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.