You are given a suspension of purified mitochondria that are known to have adequate reserves of NAD+, FAD,and ADP/inorganic phosphate. Assume that the mitochondrial preparation you are working with is free ofcytosolić components (enzymes and metabolites) and assume that all the compounds listed below can crossboth mitochondrial membranes.When glucose is added to this suspension:a. poiny What is the effect on oxygen consumption by the purified mitochondria?b.Explain your answer above.When citrate is added to this suspension:c.point What is the effect on oxygen consumption by the purified mitochondria?d. point Explain your answer above.

ATP synthesis occurs in the mitochondrial matrix by the ATP synthase enzyme. ATP synthase uses the…

Answered: You are given a suspension of purified…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

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Why is the measure of the rate of oxygen consumption a means of determining mitochondrial activity?
When the antibiotic X is added to actively respiring mitochondria, several things happen: the yield of ATP decreases, the rate of O2 consumption increases, heat is released, and the pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane increases. Does X act as an uncoupler or an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation? Explain the experimental observations in terms of the antibiotic’s ability to transfer K+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Under typical conditions, how many protons are pumped across the mitochondrial intermembrane for each molecule of NADH that is oxidized (assuming its electrons are passed all the way to O2 by the respiratory chain)? 1. 1 2. 6 3. 10 4. 100
Uncoupling agents are proteins spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane that allow protons to pass through the membrane and bypass the channel of ATP synthase. Describe the consequences to the proton gradient and ATP production.?
Describe what would happen to the precursor of a mitochondrial matrix protein in the following types of mitochondrial mutants: (a) a mutation in the Tom22 signal receptor; (b) a mutation in the Tom70 signal receptor; (c) a mutation in the matrix Hsp70; and (d) a mutation in the matrix signal peptidase.
An important function of the inner mitochondrial membrane is to provide a selectively permeable barrier to the movement of water soluble molecules and thus to generate different chemical environments on either side of the mem- brane. However, many of the substrates and products of oxidative phosphorylation are water soluble and must cross the inner membrane. How does this transport occur?
What thermodynamic force drives the transport of ADP and Pi into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis?
During the FADH2 electron transport chain, the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space through complexes CoQ/III, and IV the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space through complexes I, CoQ/III, and IV the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space through complexes I, CoQ/II, and IV the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the outer mitochondrial membrane through complexes I, III, and IV
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the electron transport chain (ETC) and oxidative phosphorylation? (Only one answer applies) A. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the enzyme complexes to be soluble in the mitochondrial matrix. B. If the proton gradient is too high, electrons will not move through the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC only happens if protons are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. D. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the mitochondrial intermembrane space to be more positively charged than the matrix. E. The free energy of the proton gradient can be used to create high energy bonds.
NADH produced in the glycolytic pathway cannot enter the mitochondrial membrane, so the shuttle systems are utilized to deliver the electrons to the ETC. Using a flowchart, illustrate and differentiate the flow of the electrons in the ETC when electrons from cytosolic NADH are delivered to the ETC via the two shuttle systems.
Citrate synthase is a nuclear-encoded enzyme of the Citric Acid Cycle. The enzyme is functional in the mitochondrial matrix. Looking at the system required for mitochondrial targeting and import of citrate synthase, which of the following statements are correct? 1. Proper import and processing of citrate synthase is dependent upon other proteins found in the mitochondria. 2. Because of the signal peptide, the mature functional enzyme is actually longer than it would be if it was coded by the organelle genome. 3. Because the citrate synthase signal peptide doesn’t have a precise amino acid signature, mutations that slightly change the primary sequence have no effect on targeting. 4. To get citrate synthase into the mitochondrial matrix requires two signal sequences: one to get it across the outer membrane and a second to get it across the inner membrane. A. 1,2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1,2,3 and 4 are correct
What is the source of Coenzyme A in mitochondria? Is there any manufacturing of Coenzyme A in the mitochondria or there is a transporter in the mitochondrial membrane?

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