You are working as an expert witness for an environmental agency. A utility in a neighboring town has proposed a new power plant that produces 1.00 GW of electrical power from turbines. The utility claims that the plant will take in steam at 500 K and reject water at 300 K into a flowing coldwater river. The flow rate of the river is 6.00 × 104 kg/s. The agency supervisor is concerned about the effect of dumping warm water on the fish in the river. (a) The utility claims that the power plant operates with Carnot efficiency. With that assumption, you need to determine for a trial presentation by how much the temperature of the water downstream from the power plant will rise due to the rejected energy from the power plant. (b) If you abandon the utility’s claim that the power plant operates at Carnot efficiency and assume a more realistic efficiency, you need to testify whether the increase in water temperature will be higher or lower than that found in part (a). (c) Finally, determine the increase in water temperature in the stream if the actual efficiency of the power plant were estimated by you and the agency physicist to be 15.0%.
Kinetic Theory of Gas
The Kinetic Theory of gases is a classical model of gases, according to which gases are composed of molecules/particles that are in random motion. While undergoing this random motion, kinetic energy in molecules can assume random velocity across all directions. It also says that the constituent particles/molecules undergo elastic collision, which means that the total kinetic energy remains constant before and after the collision. The average kinetic energy of the particles also determines the pressure of the gas.
P-V Diagram
A P-V diagram is a very important tool of the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which is used to analyze the working and hence the efficiency of thermodynamic engines. As the name suggests, it is used to measure the changes in pressure (P) and volume (V) corresponding to the thermodynamic system under study. The P-V diagram is used as an indicator diagram to control the given thermodynamic system.
You are working as an expert witness for an environmental agency. A utility in a neighboring town has proposed a new power plant that produces 1.00 GW of electrical power from turbines. The utility claims that the plant will take in steam at 500 K and reject water at 300 K into a flowing coldwater river. The flow rate of the river is 6.00 × 104 kg/s. The agency supervisor is concerned about the effect of dumping warm water on the fish in the river. (a) The utility claims that the power plant operates with Carnot efficiency. With that assumption, you need to determine for a trial presentation by how much the temperature of the water downstream from the power plant will rise due to the rejected energy from the power plant. (b) If you abandon the utility’s claim that the power plant operates at Carnot efficiency and assume a more realistic efficiency, you need to testify whether the increase in water temperature will be higher or lower than that found in part (a). (c) Finally, determine the increase in water temperature in the stream if the actual efficiency of the power plant were estimated by you and the agency physicist to be 15.0%.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 5 steps with 3 images
