Acid-base extraction

one solid and one liquid, from an ethereal solution using the techniques of chemically active extraction, vacuum filtration, simple distillation, and recrystallization. Then identifying information was compiled about these unknowns by obtaining experimental melting/boiling point ranges, and analyzing IR and proton/carbon NMR spectrums It was determined that the unknown solid’s identity was m-nitrobenzoic acid and the unknown liquid’s identity was 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentanone. The calculated percent recovery

The three components of the unknown mixture were identified as Benzoic Acid, m-nitroaniline, and Naphthalene, as seen in Table 1. The melting point of the acidic component was 121.9℃-123.8℃ while the literature melting point of the suspected acid, Benzoic acid, is 121℃-122℃. The melting point of the basic component was 112.9℃-117.2℃ while the literature melting point for the suspected base m-nitroaniline was 111℃-114℃. The melting point for the neutral component was 77.9℃-82.8℃ while the literature

Liquid/Liquid Extraction of an Unknown Mixture Nhi “Titi” Tran CHEM 213W Section 004 Purpose Liquid-liquid extraction is an essential technique used in organic chemistry to separate products from a reaction mixture by exploiting its various properties, such as its acidity. Overall, this then allows organic chemists to obtain a purer product. For the purpose of this experiment, liquid-liquid extraction was utilized to isolate a neutral, amine, and carboxylic acid component from an unknown mixture

Objective: The objective of this experiment is to use acid-base extraction techniques to separate a mixture of organic compounds based on acidity and/or basicity. After the three compounds are separated we will recover them into their salt forms and then purify them by recrystallization and identify them by their melting points. Procedure: Extraction of Carboxylic Acid A pre-weighed (0.315g) mixture of Carboxylic acid, a phenol, and neutral substance was placed into a reaction tube (tube 1)

another group. The group that leaves is known as the leaving group and the group that substitutes is the nucleophile. In order for SN2 to occur, there needs to be a good leaving group and good nucleophile. Good leaving groups are those that are weak bases. Nucleophiles should be strong for SN2. Solvent also plays an effect for SN2 reactions. Polar aprotic solvents are polar solvents without a hydrogen. That play a role with SN2 reactions. SN2 are bimolecular meaning that the rate of the reactions depends

7) Discussion: In this experiment, the goal is to prepare a Grignard reagent from an unknown aryl halide and identify the identity of the aryl halide by converting it to a carboxylic acid to determine its melting point and molar mass (determined by titration). The experiment began by dissolving 0.25g of magnesium powder in a 25mL round-bottom with 5mL of anhydrous ether and stirring with a stir bar. Then the round-bottom flask was set up for reflux using a Claisen adapter where the vertical part

free OH- ions in the solution. The high concentration of OH- comes from the dissociation of the strong base NaOH. Tartaric acid contains H+ that can dissociate and react with the OH- ions to form water and thus create an equilibrium reaction. This also allows the tartaric acid to dissolve to form tartrate. In low pH solutions, there would already be a lot of H+ ions in the solution and so tartaric acid would not be able to dissociate and dissolve into the

obtained, and the compounds of each mixture were then separated, isolated, and purified. The compounds of the liquid-liquid mixture were isolated by simple distillation, and the compounds in the mixture of solids were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction, and later purified through recrystallization. Physical properties –such as boiling points, melting points, and densities- were used to identify each isolated compound. After analysis, the first liquid was identified by a boiling range of 81.0°C-81

separate a 1:1 mixture of Acetanilide and benzoic acid through base extraction then purify these substances via recrystallization. In addition, we were able to analyze and deduce how efficient we were in purifying the substance through IR Spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and by comparing melting points. This experiment proved to be partially successful. Through base extraction, we were successful in separating benzoic acid from Acetanilide. The strong base help in separating the two layers in the separatory

solid-liquid extraction all water soluble components were sepreated along with the caffeine including the tannins. To further isolate the caffeine and obtain a purer product it was necessary to add sodium carbonate(Zhao et al. 208). This acidic- base reaction (tannins being the acid electrophile and sodium carbonate the base nucleophile) forms conjugate base phenolic salts. Tannins are acidic and thus have an–OH group directly bound to their aromatic ring the addition of a weaker base allows for the