Alkaloid

herbaceous stems of the Chinese species, Ephedra sinica (Figure 1a and 1b). The natural plant source produces six Ephedra alkaloids, chemicals which are considered to be the active constituents of the plant; ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, methylephedrine and methylpsuedoephedrine (Figure 2) (Veitch et al., 2013). The presence and concentrations of these alkaloids depends primarily on the plant species, origin, growing conditions, and the raw plant material processing, with most

plant that has been used for thousands of years in Southeast Asia. The plant only gained prominence in the Western world in the last few decades. According to an excerpt on Kratomlegend, a leaf of this plant can contain up to 40 naturally occurring alkaloids, the potent ingredient that interacts with the nervous system of the human body to produce wide ranging health effects. The leaves of the plant are usually dark green while the flowers are typically yellow in color. The plant grows very fast since

Vincristine, also known as VCR, is a chemical found in the Vinka Alkaloid Class, and each member of this class can be obtained from the Madagascar Periwinkle plant. They can either naturally occur or be synthetically derived from the pink periwinkle plant Catharanthus roseus. Vincristine is most commonly used in chemotherapy, and can treat cancers ranging from “leukemia, rhabdomyosarcoma, neurobastoma, and other Lymphoma cancers,” as well as Hodgkins Disease and Wilm’s tumor. Although Vincrisitine

Seated on his couch, watching a black and white movie, Cander attempts to unwind from the days work. Still present is a scatter of papers across the table in front of him. His phone rings, surprised to receive a call at so late of an hour, he answers inquisitively. “Hello?” “Cander! It’s Greene.” “Isabelle? Where the heck did you go today?” “I’ll explain later. Can you meet me? At the coffee house, on 11th?” “Now? It’s kind of late.” “You don’t need the sleep, just meet me.” Greene hangs up

and fame as well. The want and need to succeed in athletics has driven great athletes to take illegal measures to give themselves an edge over their competition. Performance enhancing drugs such as anabolic steroids, androstenedione, and ephedra alkaloids are all used by athletes to take the shortcut to success and bypass all the hard work that success takes. Although performance enhancing drugs do enhance an athlete’s performance, at the same time they do more harm than good to the human body. Some

The first herbal anti-cancer medicine was the vinca alkaloids isolated from the Madagascar periwinkle plant, Catharanthus roseus. Extracts from this plant was found to have therapeutic anti-tumour activity and clinically began being used as Vinblastine and Vincristine in 1960. [2] The mechanism of Vinca Alkaloids is the inhibition of microtubules. The drug prevents the alignment of daughter chromosomes by depolymerizing the tubulin molecules inhibiting the formation of spindle fibres ultimately causing

pivotal role in the identification of compounds that are essential in the treatment of many devastating ailments such as cancer. Vincristine is an example of a lead anti-cancer compound that is derived from plant. Vincristine is from a class of vinca alkaloid that is derived from the plant Catharanthus Roseus. Catharanthus Roseus is also known as periwinkle and is popularly found in Madagascar. It is used for decorative purposes in Jamaica and other countries. Furthermore, this essay seeks to expound

Pharmacognosy, pharmacology and increasing the vinca alkaloids of Catharanthus roseus (Apocynaceae) Jane C. Doe Hollins University, 7916 Williamson Road, Roanoke, Virginia, 24020 Plant Biology, November 22nd, 2013 INTRODUCTION Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, previously Vinca rosea, is a subshrub endemic to Madagascar but found in many warm climates across the globe (Evans 1996). It was long since claimed by the indigenous healers of these regions that

compounds to formulate different types of narcotics that can decrease nausea, suppress cough, treat effects of cancer, promote quality of life and in such cases of morphine, control acute pain. The narcotic called morphine is a Benzylisoquinoline alkaloid. History of Morphine According to Tétényi, there is no one way the origin of the opium poppy that can be studied( 1996). Many scientists have hypothesized the phylogenetic origin of the poppy and the genus Papaver. The opium poppy plant has had

around this. One is alkaloids. A lot of flowering plants contain natural alkaloids in the flowers and foliage, as well as the fruit. But when the fruit ripens, the alkaloid levels drop off. The purpose of the presence of alkaloids is thought to be as a protective agent for the plant in the wild. As a matter of fact, we extract alkaloids all of the time for drugs. Even in modern times, plants are still essential to medicine. For instance, morphine and nicotine are both alkaloids from plants (poppies