Alkene

pyridinium tribromide, bromination with hydrogen peroxide and hydrobromic acid, and debromination with zinc. The yields of parts A, B, and C are as follows: 68.6 %, 54.6 %, and 55.9 %. Introduction In the chemical process of bromination, an alkene is halogenated with bromine. Solvents that are typically used include methylene chloride and carbon tetrachloride along with iodine, the traditional reagent. However, because of the carcinogenic properties of the solvents and the corrosiveness of

1. BACKGROUND AND TECHNICAL 1.1 Introduction Research on the reason behind low productivity and diseases eruption on people in the surrounding community after some excavation and mining activity can never be underestimated. Understandably, the basic objective of any human technology focusing to improve the world should be supporting human life at its greater extent. This implies that the technology whose effect is negative to the environment should either be eliminated or the world purpose to find

Introduction: In our everyday life, plastic has become king. It has been omnipresent for so long, we no longer notice its presence in our lives. Plastics are present in everything, from packaging to electronics to toys to tools…etc. This raises the question of when it was that plastic was first integrated into our lives. To discuss this, we must turn to the first kind of plastic that was man-made: Parkesine. In 1862, a British inventor by the name of Alexander Parkes introduced the first man-made

decreases. Primary amines can react with a haloalkane to form a secondary amine via a substitution reaction. CH3NH2 + CH3CH2Cl (heat) CH3NHCH2CH3 + HCl The secondary amines can react with a haloalkane to produce a tertiary amine. For alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, amines and alcohols - draw a mini reaction scheme that shows the formation and reactions that they can produce. Schemes should identify that alcohols are oxidised to aldehydes, carboxylic acids and ketones depending on the starting material

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background and Problem Statement 1.1.1 Schiff Base The condensation product of primary amines with active carbonyl compounds have resulted in the formation of Schiff base compound. This has been reported by Hugo Schiff in 1864. Schiff base compound contain azomethine -C≡N with a general formula RHC=N-R’ where R and R’ are alkyl, aryl, cyclo alkyl or heterocyclic groups which may be variously substituted. These compounds are also known as anils, imines or azomethines

tetraphenylcyclopentadienone- or TPCPD- as our diene, and our dieneophiles were three different alkenes with three different substituent groups (Kilway, “Formation”). The first reaction, synthesis of dimethyl tetraphenylphthalate, combined TPCPD and dimethyl acetylene-dicarboxylate using nitrobenzene as a solvent. Nitrobenzene makes a perfect solvent for this reaction because it’s boiling point is so high (210-211⁰C) (Kilway, “Formation”). This allows the reaction to reach the proper temperature

Oil is the lifeblood of the world. Everything that is created by human hands can be related back to it in some way. In an age where there is a dwindling supply of oil it is becoming increasingly important to use every last bit of it to its full potential. After crude oil is removed from the ground it goes through a process called fractionation which separates the hydrocarbons found in oil based on their size. When fractionation is completed the separated hydrocarbons can be manipulated to form more

Throughout my research on Plastic Pollution I learned that plastic is a material that our planet cannot digest but it has become the lubricant growth of globalization. Thus, Plastic is made from oil that contains many chemicals harmful to humans and animals. Humans are barely aware that Plastic is so part of our lives that it can be found in everyday products that we consume and even the food we eat. Humanity plastic foot print in the oceans has caused a major garbage path located thousands of miles

Chemical pollution consider one of the most pressing environmental challenges that we face. It is imperative that we address the environmental hazards associated with chemical pollutants. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and halogenated compounds because of their considerable toxicity and recalcitrant nature, are particularly concerning pollutants. The hydrophobicity among PAHs also increases human health risks by promoting bioaccumulation in the fatty tissue. Thus, the determination of effective

filtration, and the melting point, 1H-NMR and 12C-NMR Spectroscopy was obtained. This Diels-Alder Reaction yielded an exo adduct as opposed to an endo product. In more detail, the Diels-Alder reaction is the reaction in which the dienophile adds to the alkenes on the diene. The reaction forms a new 6-membered ring and new C-C sigma bonds. The reaction involves breaking 3 pi bonds, and forming 2 new C-C sigma bonds and one new C=C double bond. The reaction is concerted, meaning all