Induced pluripotent stem cell

Stem cells are essentially undifferentiated cells; cells which are not yet adapted to a particular function, and have the capacity to differentiate into any specialised cell type within the organism. Every cell in plants and animals begins as these cells, created by mitosis and meiosis, and stem cells can continue to divide until they have become specialised and they lose this ability. After embryonic development, stem cells can be found all throughout tissues in the body, including the brain, bone

Since their discovery in the 1980s, stem cells have been considered one of the most exciting concepts in the scientific community. Stem cells represented untold implications for medicine, and for the last three decades researchers have continued to explore the many opportunities stem cell research has to offer. Today, the future of stem cells is still bright, and scientists are closer than ever to successfully implementing their clinical applications. However, stem cell research remains a highly controversial

respiratory tracts and is derived from neural crest cells. Neural crest cells (NCCs) are multipotent stem cell-like progenitors that are induced at the neural plate border in vertebrates during early embryonic development. They are considered an evolutionary novelty as they undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition that allow them to detach from the tissue of origin and migrate extensively along stereotypical routes and give rise to cells that are both mesodermal and ectodermal in nature. These

diabetes? These are just a few examples of the diseases that stem cells can treat. A stem cell is a cell that has the potential to mutate into many different types of cells in the body. Ever since stem cells were discovered, they have gained popularity and started to spark interest in scientists all across the world. Today there is a vigorous battle on the ethics, legalization, and experimentation of stem cells. Although stem cells are still being highly debated, they can open new doors in the

1) What are stem cells? How are they different from normal cells? Stem cells are a type of cell that basically always divide in order to replace other cells in the body. They are different from normal cells because once they have first divided into a new stem cell, they can become another type of cell, such as a muscle cell or blood cell, tissue, or they can continue being a stem cell. They also can remain inactive for a period of time, yet they can still divide into new cells whenever they are

human stem cells. Since then there have been many controversies and questions regarding stem cell research. What are stem cells? Are there differences in stem cells? What can you do with stem cells? Why should we fund stem cell research? There are a multitude of ways stem cells can be used, other than being the cells we are built on. To answer the first question, stem cells are pluripotent cells, meaning that they can be used to create any cell. With stem cells you can create blood cells, kidney

Stem cells are cells that have the potential to develop into different types of cells in the body. Stem cells also act as a repair system for many tissues in the body by dividing repeatedly to replenish other cells within a person (National Institutes of Health). Stem cell research seeks to further the advancement of the use of stem cells as well as to find an ethical way to study them. In November 1998, researchers found a way to isolate and culture human embryonic stem cells, (Bevington 2005).

1.3.1 Pluripotent cells for toxicology (relevant cells relevant species) In 1981, ESCs were firstly developed from isolation of mouse blastocytes (PMID: 7242681), then human ESCs were derived in 1998 (PMID: 9804556). Subsequently, the derivation of human ESC line did not only raise critical ethical, religious, and political controversies, but also had scientific limitation. To circumvent these concerns, suggested the derivation of iPSCs which seemed to be a promising and great alternative though

Are embryonic stem cells the cure to many of the human body’s ailments, including defective organs and crippling diseases, or is their use a blatant disregard of human rights and the value of life?  Thanks to the rapid advancements in this field, the potential benefits of stem cells are slowly becoming reality.  However, embryonic stem cell research is an extremely divisive topic in the United States thanks to the ethical issues surrounding terminating embryos to harvest the stem cells.  In response

The Great Stem Cell Debate In 1998, President Bill Clinton issued a National Bioethics Advisory Commission to begin to study the question of stem cell research (Stem Cells Fast Facts). Since then many advances have been made and stem cells have been used to aid in the alleviation of several medical conditions such as macular degeneration, bone marrow deficiencies, and growing new sheets of new skin for burn victims (Hug). Even though there is much stigma surrounding stem cell research, the medical