Mitochondrion

Introduction Mitochondria The Mitochondrion is an organelle surrounded by an outer and inner membrane, it is found is most eukaryotic cells and it is the site of aerobic cellular respiration. Most of activities inside the mitochondrion take place near or in the mitochondrial inner membrane, it is the outer membrane which controls what enter and what leaves the organelle. The mitochondrial outer membrane has similarities with the cell’s own membrane, it separates the mitochondrion from the rest of the cell

the ATP to channel through the mitochondria. The ATP created is then later used as chemical energy in the rest of the cell. Essentially, the mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondrion can be found in all organelles, prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Some cells such as red blood cells have few mitochondrion but there is only 1 organelle known to not have a mitochondria. Since the mitochondria's purpose is to create ATP. Most cells must have it. Mitochondria have a unique oval like shape and

the field of microbiology, one being which eukaryotic organelle is the most crucial to the function of living organisms. Whilst all organelles are essential to eukaryotes, undoubtedly the nucleus is the most important. Yet, many argue that the mitochondrion or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are equally if not more important to cellular function. Although both organelles have similarities with the nucleus and work with it to complete various functions it is evidential that the nucleus is more crucial.

primitive bacteria. Is it really evolved from primary bacteria or were they the new adaptation in the plant and animal body? In this paper we are going to see how Mitochondrion have been evolved in different species and what methods have been used to prove that evolution. There is still debate between scientists about whether mitochondrion really evolved from bacteria or if it was present in the cells before bacteria were present. Yung et al. [1] says that Mitochondria’s cytochromes c (which is a mitochondrial

It takes in nutrients and breaks them down producing ATP, in a process known as cellular respiration. These organelles take food molecules and combine them with oxygen to produce the energy for the cell. Each cell may vary in number of how many mitochondrion they

The mitochondrion is an organelle which originated from the endosymbiosis of eubacteria and, as a result, contains its own genome which encodes for essential mitochondrial transcriptional machinery proteins and subunits of electron transport chain (ETC) complexes [1, 2]. However, the vast majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded for by the nucleus [3]. As a result, these two organelles must be able to communicate in order to coordinate protein synthesis and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis

1.1.1.1 Forensic DNA Biology: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has revolutionized forensic science. Of all the disciplines in forensic science, forensic biology has seen the most technological advances in the past thirty years. Forensic biology is a field of study that uses DNA to identify victims and to associate suspects and victims to crime scenes. The large forensic advantage of high copy number and the stability of the mtGenome is a direct consequence of the mitochondrion’s function and evolutionary

considered the energy factory and has many functions all over the cell. Its main purpose is to make ATP, or adenosine triphosphate. ATP is the energy that every cell in the body can use to stay alive and continue each individual function. “Mitochondrion is a combination of the Greek words mitos (thread) and chondros (granule)” (van der Giezen). “Mitochondria are eukaryotic, membrane-enclosed, 1-10um sized organelles, described as ‘cellular power plants’ as they are responsible for the production

disease, and cancer (Black). One disease that is normally fatal is Leigh syndrome. Leigh syndrome is rare and occurs when there are dysfunctions in the mitochondria, which is the powerhouse of the cell (Sanders). It is caused by mutations in the mitochondrion and defective cellular respiration within tissues (Taylor). The tissues require energy, like any bodily composition, but Leigh disease occurs when there is a deficiency of pyruvate, a type of enzyme, which is made by the process of cellular respiration

There are four types of biomolecules, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are large chains of sugar found in food and living tissues. This includes sugars, starch, and cellulose. They have the same ratio of hydrogen and oxygen that water has, 2:1. They are broken down to release energy in the animal body. Lipids are any organic compounds that are fatty acids and don’t dissolve in water but do in organic solvents. Fatty acids can be found in natural oils, waxes, and steroids