Myelin

result in various complications. Interferon treatment may help slow the progression of multiple sclerosis and prolong intervals between relapses. What is Multiple Sclerosis? Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks the myelin covering of its nerves and brain tissue. This results in inflammation and damage to these nervous system structures, resulting in disruption in nerve signals. These changes affect motor function, manifested as loss of balance and

Adrenoleukodystrophy Adrenoleukodystrophy is a genetic disease that is passed on from mother to son. ALD is an X-linked disorder. That means it affects only males and is transmitted by a female carrier. This disorder is called X-linked since the genetic abnormality involves the X-chromosome. Women have two X-chromosomes while men only have one. In women, the affected X-chromosome, the one with the gene for ALD does not become active because of the presence of a normal copy of the gene on the other

In the body's systems, the nervous system plays a key role. It has two main functions such as regulates the functioning of organs and makes the functioning of organs in the body become a unified body and ensure consistency between body and surroundings. The central nervous system includes brain and spinal cord. (central organs), nerves and lymph nodes (peripheral organs). Based on the function, the nervous system has the motor and nervous system. Central organs, including the brain and spinal cord

In Australia 3 million people suffer from depression and on average 1 in 5 women and 1 in 8 men will experience depression in some form. Depression is a ‘mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest.’ Signs of depressive behaviour are not going out anymore, withdrawing from close family and friends, relying on alcohol and sedatives and an inability to concentrate. People often feel overwhelmed, miserable, indecisive and irritable as well as negative thought such

cell becomes less than 70 mV in charge and is unable to transmit another action potential. This entire process occurs in less than 2 milliseconds. Several action potentials occur down the length of the axon until the chemical signaling is activated. Myelin, a type of axon insulator, is able to transmit action potential over a longer length of the axon, making this process occur more quickly; the spaces between myelinated cells where the action potential occurs are called nodes of Ranvier. Once the action

Yet, white matter is white since a lipid-rich substance called myelin protects axons. Lipids can show up as white ("greasy") material, much like the fat on a crude bit of chicken or meat. Really, dim matter may have that shading attributed to it on the grounds that beside the white matter, it is quite recently darker

ataxia, paraparesis, limb spasms, and cognitive impairment (CA Davie et al., 1995; CH Polman et al., 2011; ND Chiaravalloti et al., 2008). The neurodegeneration associated with MS occurs as lesions in the white matter of the CNS. Specifically, the myelin sheath is damaged in MS by an autoimmune response. While the cause of MS still is not fully understood, there is a clear inflammatory component. The T-cell subsets involved in inflammatory reactions are mainly Th1 and Th17 (José Francisco Zambrano-Zaragoza

Within a neuron, neurofascin is bound ankyrin G, which is bound to Na+ channels. Somehow, the binding of neurofascin (expressed by axon) to gliomedin (expressed by the Schwann cell) is involved in the formation of nodes of Ranvier. Gliomedin is only expressed when the Schwann cell is in physical contact with the axon. Therefore, for the formation of nodes of Ranvier, three things must occur. First, the Schwann cell must make physical contact with the axon. Then, it must express gliomedin. Finally

While shipping through the different seas of the human body, Gavin Frances is the captain maneuvering the readers to body destinations, introducing them to its wonders and marvels. Gavin Frances a Scottish writer and a doctor that is currently working as a general practitioner in Edinburgh. His curiosity and passion for experiencing new things made him travel to the seven continents (Birlinn, n.d). In addition to that, he is an award-winning author who wrote three books, among of them is the Adventures

sites impair transmission of the impulses across the myoneural function. Manifestations such as diplopia, ptosis and facial weaknesses are common (Hinkle &Cheever, 2014). Guillain-Barré syndrome is an autoimmune attack on the peripheral nerve myelin proteins that causes inflammatory demyelination(Hinkle & Sheever 2014). Guillain-Barré extremities and spreads up words to the arms and upper body which can progress very (Moore, &, Shepard,2014). Myasthenia granis and Guillain-Barré syndrome are