Pneumothorax

1. Given the diagnosis of pneumothorax, explain why the paramedic had difficulty ventilating A.W. • Air escaped from the lung into the pleural space. Eventually, enough air collected in the pleural space to cause the mediastinum to shift twoard the right. The collapsed left lung, increased intrapleural pressure, and rightward shift make it difficult to ventilate A.W. 2. Interpret A.W.’s ABG’s • Significant respiratory acidosis with profound hypoxemia. A.W. is near death. 3. What is the

Pneumothorax occurs when air gets into the pleural space between the two layers, and separates them. Majority of the time only part of the lung collapses, except for in severe cases the whole lung can collapse, therefore it is emptied of air. The types of pneumothorax being discussed are primary spontaneous pneumothorax, secondary traumatic pneumothorax, iatrogenic pneumothorax, and open or tension pneumothorax. Along with the discussion of the pathophysiology, the topics such as diagnostic tests

be able to distribute oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide without any hesitation. But very rarely something can go extremely wrong causing one of the main parts of this cycle to fail, the lungs. This error in the human body is called a pneumothorax. A pneumothorax is defined as a condition that occurs when air enters a

described. However, pneumothorax remains the most common complication of CT-guided lung FNAC. Review of the existing literature reveals variable rates of pneumothorax, ranging from 5 to 64% . Pneumothorax was noted in 36.2% patients of my study population. In three patients (5.2%) moderate pneumothorax was seen requiring chest tube placement. It was found that the amount of lung traversed by the needle & size of the lesion is significantly associated with development of pneumothorax. The more the amount

sounds on the right side are clear • Lung sounds on the left side are diminished With the subjective data and objective data, the patient could have one of the following three things going on related to blunt force trauma: • Pneumothorax

in detail what the he or she needs to know. Patient and family are aware that the patient has a pneumothorax and that the chest tube was inserted in order to remove the excess air. The patient knows he needs surgery but does not know why. The patient and family need to know surgery is needed because they found 3 blebs on his lungs and that the doctor said there is a 50% chance of a pneumothorax reoccurring if the blebs are not removed. The patient and family need to know that a pulmonary bleb

Physiology of the Lungs There are several factors that oppose and promote alveolar collapse, including the transmural pressure gradient, pulmonary surfactant, alveolar interdependence (all opposing factors), alveolar surface tension and the elasticity of stretched pulmonary connective tissue fibres (promoting factors). I will discuss these different aspects of lung physiology here. Transmural Pressure Gradient and Elasticity of Stretched Pulmonary Connective Tissue Fibres There are three important

Cerebral air embolism following pigtail catheter insertion Abstract: Pleural pigtail catheter placement associated with many complications including pneumothorax, hemorrhage, and chest pain. Air embolism can rarely be a complication of pigtail catheter insertion and has a high risk of occurrence with positive pressure ventilation (PPV). Cerebral air embolism is a very rare complication but lethal. We report a case of patient of cerebral air embolism as a complication of placement of pigtail pleural

1.1 Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome (OMIM 135150) is a rare, autosomal dominant, hamartoma disorder which is characterized by benign tumours of the hair follicle (fibrofolliculomas), lung cysts and pneumothorax (collapsed lung), and renal neoplasia. BHD was first described in 1977 by three Canadian doctors – Birt, Hogg and Dubé (Birt et al. 1977). The syndrome had also been identified 1975 by Hornstein and Knickenberg (Hornstein & Knickenberg 1975) and there has been suggestion

sacs splits open. It is also possible that an unprompted pneumothorax can develop in a person who has no evident lung disease, although it is most frequent in men between 20 and 40 years of age who are tall and thin. It is also more frequent in smokers. In addition, an unprompted pneumothorax can occur in some people who have no obvious lung disease but have blebs that may burst (“Pneumothorax,” 2008). It is common in most pneumothorax cases for some air to move in and out through the lung or