Qualified immunity

4. No Denial of Medical Care In order to state a constitutional claim under the Eighth Amendment for lack of proper medical care, a prisoner must meet a three-fold test. First, the actions or inactions of prison authorities must correspond to a "deliberate indifference" standard. Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97 (1976). Secondly, that deliberate indifference must be directed "to [a] serious medical need [ ]". Id. In order to state an Eight Amendment claim for denial of medical care, a plaintiff

Constitutional rights: particularly the Fourth and Sixth Amendments. Not having these as explicit Constitutional rights allow judges to use their discretion in determining whats appropriate to use in individual cases. 7. Identify the two elements of the qualified immunity defense, and explain why the test is so easy for officers to

In establishing a § 1983 claim the claimant must first determine which constitutional right was violated. In this case, Dave Douglas, Taylor Reveley, and George Walkers claims fall under the Fourth Amendment because they have not been arrested or detained for pretrial. Each plaintiff will argue that the police officers seized them unreasonably and therefore violated the Fourth Amendment. First, the claimant must establish that the government actor was acting under “the color of law.” In this case

Introduction: In recent years several high profile national cases have brought hazing to the forefront in American society as a real issue and a problematic one at that. According to recent statistics from the University of Maine, 1.5 million high school students are hazed each year. Of the athletes who have reported hazing, 40% have reported that a coach or advisor was aware of the activity. 22% report that the coach was actually involved in the activities. (Allan & Madden, 2008). Moreover, 36%

sovereign immunity to which they are relevant). Principally, the theory of “restrictive” sovereign immunity is basically when the Department of States can elect to instill immunity, or otherwise not let immunity happen (Murphy, 305). There are specifically two areas that either allows this unit to acclaim immunity and or reject immunity (Murphy, 305). The first area is known as jure imperii. When governments of other nations have an undertaking that is relevant to the community, then immunity is acclaimed

team were able to find the cure to the virus and vaccine. 27. They used that room because they did not want the virus to spread anymore. 28. A. Antiserum is blood serum containing polyclonal antibodies. B. Antiserum is used to pass on passive immunity to many diseases. C. Passive antibody transfusion from a previous human survivor is the only effective treatment for Ebola infection. D. An antigen is a toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, esp. the production

Hepatitis A • Hepatitis A is caused by the “Hepatitis A Virus”; this is also part of the RNA virus. HEP A is found in the liver and is something that can last for a few days or several months at a time. It could take about 2-6 weeks after the infection has entered your body in order for you to start showing symptoms if this. This is something that is mainly found in places were clean water is scarce and that the environment is not so safe. Usually it is contracted in the early childhood stages

Smallpox is a viral infection caused by Variola major. This infection is currently one of the most dreaded diseases, and is believed to be more dangerous than the enemy’s sword. The exposure is usually an infection of the respiratory tract. After exposure, early symptoms are: headaches, back aches, fever, vomiting, discomfort, and feeling out of sorts. These symptoms go away usually in two days, and the patient feels better. Then about two days later, the patient has a flustered face, and lesions

It is perceived to be a social standard in society to uphold high beliefs in vaccinations. Medical professionals as well as historic scientific research support the progression of immunization and its historical triumph against infection and disease. For example, English physician Edward Jenner pioneered the smallpox vaccine, which opened the doors for more ventures into the world of vaccinations. Due to the advancement in technology of the 21st century, we are able to address more diseases and create

Introduction to Vaccinations History of Vaccinations Laying the foundation for modern vaccinology in 1796, Edward Jenner observed a milkmaid with the cowpox infection appeared to be immune to the outbreak of smallpox. By inoculating an eight year old boy with the pus from an infected milkmaid, and exposing smallpox material to the boy weeks later, Jenner demonstrated smallpox immunization; as the boy never fell ill (Stern, 2005). “That the cow-pox protects the human constitution from the infection