Staphylococcus Aureus Essay

Staphylococci are nonmotile, non-spore forming, spherical, catalase-positive, gram-positive bacteria. Staphylococci are classified as either coagulase-positive or coagulase-negative. Staphylococcus epidermidis lack the enzyme coagulase and are classified as a coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) (John et al.; Namvar et al.; Otto; Tortora et al. 591). Because of their thick peptidoglycan layer, gram-positive cocci are well suited for survival in harsh conditions, including living in areas with

Ghanaian medicines with special interest in anti-methicillin-resistant/react-text Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity. Chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of these plants were arranged and agar-well diffusion tests, MIC's and MBC's were used to examine antimicrobial action. The extracts of 13 plant species showed the growth of one or more of the resulting bacteria, MRSA, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus

throughout the 1950s, S. aureus developed resistance to penicillin. Methicillin, a form of penicillin, was introduced to counter the increasing problem of penicillin-resistant S. aureus. At this time Methicillin was one of most common types of antibiotics used to treat S. aureus infections; but in 1961, British scientists identified the first strains of S. aureus bacteria that resisted methicillin. This was the so-called birth of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It was not until

methods of cleaning than the supermarket branded products. In previous years concern over superbugs have risen, our constant abuse of antibiotics is creating resistant bacteria that are not affected by antibiotics, for e.g. methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Coello et al. 1997). In order to prevent this, the bacteria must be stopped at the source before infection can take place. Therefore by measuring the effectiveness of cleaning products we can find natural/cheaper alternatives to fighting

Microorganisms form part of our normal flora, however they can become pathogens where their main role is to survive and multiply, often at the expense of the host. Pathogens cause infectious diseases depending on their virulence; this was first realised when Louis Pasteur discovered microbes contaminated wine, causing it to go sour. He wondered how microbes affected humans; however it was Robert Koch that linked the contamination of microbes to the cause of infectious diseases. Between them they

Evolution of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria Antibiotics have always been considered a prodigious innovation. Antibiotics being introduced have established resistance in individuals, animals, and all living organisms. Antibiotics were first discovered in 1932 by Alexandar Fleming, who presented the work that led to production of penicillin. His determination has made an impact to antibiotic medications that are used to destroy bacteria. The use of antibiotics resulted

are able to cause severe illness in otherwise healthy people. Hospitals and communities have developed protocols in an attempt to prevent further pathogen transmission. One infectious agent that has been at the apex of medical research is Staphylococcus aureus, which is a Gram-positive coccus. This microorganism colonizes the skin, respiratory tract, and nasal passage in about

The Expression, Regulation and Function of Superantigens of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus A Review By Matt Ellison Word Count: 2114 1 Abstract Staphylococcus aureus and Group A streptococcus are the two very common bacteria to cause infections in humans which range from asymptomatic to extremely serious and even fatal. Some of the most powerful tools they have against the mammalian immune system are an array of exotoxins which are secreted proteins. Among these, the most powerful are the Superantigens

Introduction Infections are heavily widespread in today’s world and bacteria are its primary cause. They are of varying strains and can be symptoms of other underlying diseases. It is very important to determine what type of organisms causes these kinds of infections for they can help determine which medicine can be used to cure and to prevent future infections. The human body is home to billions of living bacteria, which are capable of causing diseases. Although there are normal flora found in the

(Marshall et al., 2013) The study at Sulamaini Plastic Surgery and Burns Hospital in Iraq, a total 654 burn patients obtained positive culture for Staphylococcus aureus and 88% of this was MRSA. In this study nitrofurantoin and vancomycin antibiotics showed least resistance of 0.5% and 2.5 % resistance, respectively. Oxacillin is the least effective (88.9%) (Hastyar et al., 2012). The percentage of primary