Strabismus

Asymmetry of the orbits leads to strabismus [crossed eye] (Craniosynostosis). Intracranial pressure can develop if the baby has Complex Synostosis, and can affect the baby in various ways, like a full or bulging fontanelle [soft spot located on the top of the head], sleepiness [or less alert

Methadone misuse leads to flash visual evoked potentials in newborns. In the article by McGlone, Hamilton, McCulloch, Boulton, Bradnam, Weaver, & Mactier (2013), they conduct a study about mothers who abuse drugs and are prescribe methadone and end up misusing the methadone. The infants of the women end up being born with abnormal flash VEPs. The researchers concluded that the abnormality is due in part to the prescribed methadone and not the other drugs that these women were abusing. A control group

Joubert Syndrome: genetic factors and associated cognitive, motor and organ disabilities. Joubert Syndrome (JS) is a rare genetic disorder which involves mutations in both the mother’s and father’s genes. Both parents must be carriers of this gene in order to pass it on to their children and there is a twenty five percent chance that their child will be born with Joubert Syndrome (Welcome | Joubert Syndrome & Related Disorders Foundation, 2015). Characteristics of this very rare syndrome include

Abstract This paper reviews albinism as a genetic disease and the effects it has on people born albino, as well as societies views. It also examines the work that scientists have done, and are currently doing to advance closer to understanding the disease and a cure. Albinism is a genetic disease that occurs when one of several genetic defects makes the body either unable to, or distribute melanin. This is normally set off by a mutation in one’s DNA that then causes a variety of symptoms. People

there is adequate nutrition. These children often have anomalies and deformed facial features such as short palpebral fissures, flat midface, thin upper lip, indistinct philtrum, epicanthal folds, low nasal bridge, minor ear anomalies, micrognathia, strabismus, ptosis of the upper eyelid, narrow receding forehead, and a short upturned nose (Hess and Kenner 2). In broader terms the face of a FAS child includes a small head; a small maxilla which is the upper jaw; short, upturned nose; smooth philtrum

Should Cigarette Smoking Be Banned Whether or not cigarette smoking should be banned completely, has become an object of controversy in many countries. Should cigarette smoking be banned for everyone in the United States? Smoking tobacco products have been around for decades and in many different forms. According to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Cigarette smoking causes more than 480,000 deaths

Astrocytic hamartomas are an abnormal proliferation of the macroglial astrocytic cells of the retinal nerve fiber layer and are considered benign lesions1. They can be located anywhere within the retina, however are often found at the optic nerve head2. Retinal astrocytic hamartomas are associated with a variety of diseases, but may also be singular and idiopathic. The age of onset plays a crucial role in differentiating the lesions and the course of treatment following diagnosis. Visual symptoms

Albinism is a condition that is inherited from both parents where a person is born with a lack of the usual amount of the pigment melanin. Melanin is the main substance that determines what color hair, eyes, and skin tone someone will have. Albinism is also a rare mutation that affects very few people worldwide, though in some places more than others. The symptoms are quite unique for those who have it as well. Some tribes and small villages even kill or exile those with the mutation. Albinism affects

The treatments are usually all very effective as they serve the purpose of eliminating tumors and preserving vision. 6. Prognosis - Source: "Retinoblastoma." AAPOS.org. American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 1 June 2016. Web. 12 Oct. 2016. . What is the life expectancy? The life expectancy of affected individuals depends on their stage of retinoblastoma and whether they were diagnosed early enough to receive treatment. Like other cancers, lifespan

involved in cosmetological applications, BTX is also known as BOTOX where it’s used to reverse contractions of muscles in the required area to get rid of wrinkles. Other medical conditions that BTX plays an important role in their management are strabismus and focal dystonia. The neuromuscular junction, autonomic ganglia, postganglionic parasympathetic nerve endings and postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings that release acetylcholine are the sites of action of the BTX. The toxin has a heavy chain