Toxicology

CHRONIC MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY (MDX): Toxicity can range from asymptomatic ALT elevation to malaise, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and hepatotoxicity. CHRONIC SEVERE TOXICITY (MDX): Jaundice, hypoglycemia, coagulopathy, renal failure, fulminant hepatic failure and encephalopathy. Presentation following chronic acetaminophen overdose typically includes 4 phases (MDX): (1) Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, malaise and diaphoresis; (2) First phase signs resolve, replaced by right upper quadrant pain

Cadmium is present on earth crust as heavy metal and its exposure in environment is very big challenge to environmentalist because cadmium is non-degradable in nature. In environment cadmium transfers from one trophic level to another and finally accumulated in human with toxic effects. There is an emergent need to remove the cadmium from environment. Microbes are very helpful in this area to remediate the cadmium from environment. Microorganisms used biotransformation and adsorption mechanisms for

The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast how a toxin will affect the systems in the body such as the nervous, endocrine and cardiovascular. I will then describe the characteristic that each system has as the toxins induce its hazardous substance into the corridors of each functional stage of operation. Lead is considered as one of the most an extremely toxic metal which can be found anywhere in the world which has the configuration/structure of being a bluish-gray

Some lead particles move from soil into ground water and this depending on the characteristics of the soil and the type of lead compound. Lead can cause a harmful effect to humans when ingested or inhaled, especially to children under the age of six. Lead poisoning can cause a number of adverse effects to human’s health, but is particularly harmful to the neurological development of children. Everyone in his live is exposed to widespread distributed lead. People can be exposed to lead by many routes

Salicylates are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents that are widely used as antipyretic, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory products. Variety of prescriptions and over-the-counter preparations contain salicylates, therefore chronic dosing which can cause toxicity is a common emergency problem. Salicylates are weak acids and well absorbed from the stomach and small intestine. Peak plasma salicylate levels occur in 15 to 20 minutes after ingestion of therapeutic doses, whereas with overdose peak serum

There are two main types of toxicity, acute and chronic. Acute toxicity refers to a relatively high dose of a toxin given over a short period of time. Chronic toxicity is a relatively low dose of a toxin given over a longer time period. Acute toxicity is measured by the Lethal Dose 50 (LD50). LD50 is the dose of a specific substance that kills 50% of test organisms, and it varies from substance to substance. Toxin severity is due to intrinsic, within the body, and extrinsic, outside of the body

Hazards The substances used during the experiment have some hazardous drawbacks. Some hazards of working with Acetanilide are irritation to the skin and serious eye damage, when in contact (Acetanilide). This compound is combustible. Some hazards of working with P-toluic acid are a skin, eye, and throat irritant (4-Methylbenzoic acid). This compound is combustible. Some hazards of working with P-tert-butylphenol are irritation to the eyes, nose and skin (4-tert-butylphenol). This compound is combustible

At least 100 million animals die every year from animal testing (PETA). This is not only an extortionate amount, it is an imprudent and unnecessary practice. Animal testing, according to Cruelty Free International is, “the use of non-human animals for purposes of determining the safety of substances such as foods or drugs”. By understanding what animal testing is, the history behind it, the negative implications, and the scientific invalidity, changes can be made and progress can be made towards

Introduction Every living organism is dependent on its immediate environment. Biotic and abiotic components within an environment play an influencing role within the environment, thus organisms can either influence or be influenced by its environment. Environments that are considered to be of a good health are beneficial for a sustainable ecosystem. Environmental health directly affects ecosystems functioning and human health. Unfortunately the health of many environments within South Africa

Even though animal testing does not produce valid results, animals are still treated in an inhumane way during testing because they are purposely experiencing pain and are being killed. After mentioning that scientists gave mice tumors in their brains, Cheng states, “And in recent prostate cancer experiments at Colorado State University and North Carolina State University, dogs’ genitals were exposed to powerful radiation in an attempt to induce erectile dysfunction, which it did in some… Many of