A Look at Tobacco Additives
Southeast Missouri University
Drugs, Society, and Human Behavior UI300
Submitted by Hannah Wiggins
September 24, 2014
In an article published in 1999 entitled Tobacco Additives: Cigarette Engineering and Nicotine Addiction, C. Bates, M. Jarvis, and G. Connolly explore the ins and outs of the tobacco industry. They discuss the regulations placed on the tobacco industry, and discuss various studies that give information about the effects of the additives included in cigarettes and tobacco products. This 25 page document gives a detailed explanation of the tobacco industry and the way they manipulate their customers, as well as what the government is doing about it. The article begins by listing some
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The authors then inform the reader of the way tobacco companies work. Tobacco companies make their money by ensuring that the public will continue to buy their products. The primary reason people smoke is for nicotine. The authors quote Philip Morris, a major manufacturer of tobacco products, as saying that cigarettes should be thought of as the package by which the smoker is supplied their daily dose of nicotine. R.J. Reynolds, another giant tobacco company, is quoted saying that the producers of cigarettes and other tobacco products should be thought of as a pharmaceutical representatives. These companies made no effort to deny that nicotine is a drug and that it is addictive. What makes cigarettes so desirable? So addictive? It has already been established that nicotine is the reason that people smoke. Nicotine is ultimately what people are addicted to. The article details the act of smoking. The user lights their cigarette and inhales. There are a mixture of particles and gases released by which nicotine is dispersed, and then readily absorbed into the lungs. The nicotine reaches the brain within ten seconds and then binds with receptors. These receptors are stimulated to produce and release catecholamines, or neurotransmitters, specifically dopamine. While nicotine is a central nervous system stimulant, it also causes users a sense of relaxation. Ultimately, the brain develops a tolerance to nicotine, so it requires
Tobacco companies advertise in magazines, promote their products in convenience stores and market their brands through websites and social networks. Many of these tobacco industries get publicity and attract more young customers when using the newly in media to promote their products. Many of these tobacco companies don’t understand that tobacco advertising is a huge public health issue that increases smoking. Tobacco company advertising and promoting is the start of the use of tobacco among teenagers. Now, these media and magazine advertisements about cigars have caused teenagers to be exposed to cigarette advertising. Not only that but also these teenagers find ads appealing and also increase their desire to smoke. Cigarette companies spent about $8.37 billion on advertising and promotional expenses in the United States in 2011.
Electronic cigarette products do contain nicotine, although the health effects are negligent in line with the rest of common tobacco products. Tobacco products are those in line with cigarettes, chewing tobacco, and pipe tobacco. A News Medical article regards nicotine just as it is derived from the plant it comes from, "Nicotine is a chemical compound that is present in tobacco" (Anaya). Nicotine, being derived from the tobacco plant, may well close the case regarding whether or not it deserves the title as a 'tobacco product'. The stigma regarding a tobacco product revolves not only around the presence of nicotine but also of tobacco products being the cause of death to one-third of users. The sticky stigma of a
Tobacco is thought to be one of the most widely abused addictive substances worldwide and while tobacco usage in the United States has appeared to have lessened in recent years, “it is still [noted as] one of the most common addictions” to cause a myriad of known health risks (Tyler, 2014). According to reports from the United States Census Bureau over the last 50 years, since the year 1964, smoking has led to the estimated deaths of over 19 million people, apprised to be around the size equivalent to that of the population of Florida, the third largest state (United States Census Bureau, 2004). The nicotine in tobacco products contains chemical agents that cause people to get hooked on smoking, creating an addiction that can negatively affect
Smoking as an addiction occurs for nicotine acts through the brain’s reward center (Wu, Wilson, Dimoulas, & Mills, 2006). The pleasure effects that come from smoking are then craved by the brain, resulting in continued use of tobacco.
Most consumers say they smoke because it relieves a lot of stress, And that also most enjoyable right after a good meal. smoking can is highly addictive, but also is very hartmful to the body that can effect you for the rest of your life. This product bring various types cancer, and many other health risks. What makes the tobacco so addictive is the nicotine used within the product. Cigarette companies purposely infuse tobacco and nicotine together to make the product addictive the addiction from the nicotine keeps the comsumer at “Its knees” so they will purchase more. It was considered cool in the 1950s, persons unaware of the dangers hidden within. Every tobacco product has a waring label but smokers never read this warning label. Cigarattes
Nicotine is a poisonous substance in tobacco that makes it difficult for people to stop smoking cigarettes. A good amount of youth today are starting to use this product based on advertisement or the pressure to fit in. For example, nicotine companies are making commercials, using social media and making candy versions of this product in order to attract attention especially from teens. Advertisements and new products are things that companies use to become popular. If teens try it and enjoy it he/she will keep doing it. That’s why tobacco companies are targeting the youth, to make them become addicted and this way they make money.
On a cellular level, nicotine affects the brain’s functions by altering a person’s feelings and emotions. Nicotine is able to block nerve cells from communicating with the brain cells to perform conscious and unconscious tasks. In doing so, a person who smokes for the first time will feel relaxed because of the lack of communication between the brain and the rest of the body (Opar 2015). The reason why someone continues to smoke is because there is a need to repeat the feeling of calmness and relaxation. However, there is no
“More than 80 percent of smokers and ex-smokers regret they ever started smoking in the first place.” (IBTimes). Lung cancer, brain defects, heart problems, losing teeth, ruining family relationships, wasting money, and early deaths are all resulting factors that revolve around smoking nicotine. The effects of nicotine have impacted the lives of many people more negatively than positively based off personal testimonies. Smoking nicotine at an early age has resulted in the educational lives of young teenagers to be ruined because of their faulty decisions. Children also suffer from second hand smoking nicotine because of a decision their parents make by smoking around them in small households. Nicotine has been sold as early as 1828 and is currently legal to sell in the United States, but should be outlawed do to the negative effects and impacts it has on people who smoke it such as; leading to smoke other substances, physical defects, and ruining social relationships.
Nicotine is a dangerous biological substance found in tobacco that influences addiction and tobacco’s prolonged use (Stolerman and Shoaib 1991; Belfour and Fagerstrom 1996; Benowita 1996; Rose and Corrigall 1997). Markou (2008) reported that destructive smoking habits are derived from nicotine, one of the major psychoactive elements in tobacco (Stolerman & Jarvis 1995; Royal College of Physicians of London 2000) that results in an elevated occurrence of disease and death all over the world Murray & Lopez 1997).
Thank you for responding to my post, the issue with why people still purchase cigarette even with the health risk that compliment smoking comes from the ingredient in cigarette (nicotine). However, people also smoke due to peer pressure and the marketing strategy employed by the tobacco companies in wooing its customers. For instance, "in advertising copy, benefits–which often have a psychological component–generally outsell features". Most tobacco companies know this hence they try to appeal to that segment of the demographic that need some form of psychological boost. Furthermore, the continued patronage of cigarette is due to people's need for self-esteem, "like they’re part of an exclusive group. That’s why advertising copy
The use of tobacco is a very controversial topic here in the United States. The harmful side effects of tobacco are well known and consequently, many believe that it should be outlawed. Though this has not yet occurred, constant regulations on the industry and
Tobacco was a very important commodity in history. It was important economically as it aided many colonies. Without tobacco, many large corporations such as the Virginia Company, would have made money while aiding the growth of Virginia as well. The progress that has been made about tobacco’s medical use is exponential, as many in modern age know now that tobacco is not beneficial for one’s health and holds more harm than good. Tobacco was a product that was of great economical value and is still of great value in modern age. Tobacco continues to be a great money maker as all global profits total to $35 billion and at least 1 billion people smoking tobacco worldwide. Regardless of the medical issues with tobacco that doctors have discovered
In 2014, 16.8% of all adults in the United States smoke cigarettes on a daily bases, and every day, roughly 2,100 minors and young adults become addicted to smoking (Fast Facts, 2015). Those addicts will burn an average of 1.5 million dollars on smoking throughout their life (Tuttle, 2015). Unfortunately, tobacco is single handedly responsible for almost 6 million deaths per year worldwide (Fast Facts, 2015). So, even though society knows the risks and costs, why is smoking such a popular addiction, and why is it so difficult to drop? When people smoke tobacco, they are also taking in a toxic oily liquid found in the plant called nicotine (Nordqvist, 2015). Nicotine is a nitrogen-containing base chemical found in the alkaloid group (Mandal,
Former president Obama signed the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act in June of 2009. The main goal of Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act is to give Food and Drug Administration (FDA) the ability to control tobacco production, the way it is advertised and information regarding health issues. This paper will provide a brief background about The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, the Act have addressed issues pertaining to warning labels and guidelines on ingredients and provide statistical information on who have been affected by the issue. This Act is to correct all the misleading information provided by tobacco industries.
First, let’s examine the history of tobacco beginning with the origination of the first cigarette, the evolution of the tobacco industry, followed by the socialization of smoking