A Muscle Relaxant

Spasticity is a problem that appears in the injury of your spinal cord or a part of the brain that controls your involuntary movement. It is from the stretch reflexes being extremely excited with an upper motor neuron lesion. It can interfere with you daily through daily activities, balance, and being able to function on your on. Spasticity is where certain muscles are continuously contracted. It can also cause your muscles to be stiff and tight. Spasticity may interfere with your speech, movement, and your gait. The usual treatments for spasticity are physical therapy (PT), antiseptic agents, and surgical lengthening of the affected muscles or tendons.

People with spastic cerebral palsy may develop severe stiffening of the joints because of unequal pressures on the joints exerted by muscles of differing tone or strength.

Spastic cerebral palsy carries many symptoms which include muscle spasticity/stiffness, joint contracture, paralysis, seizures, dysarthria, difficulty eating/swallowing, drooling, irregular breathing (respiratory problems), unsteady gait, learning disabilities, hearing/eyesight problems, slower growth than average, scoliosis, bowel problems, or urinary incontinence. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) Spastic

Medications , which may be used to treat muscle problems and other symptoms. Drugs such as diazepam, baclofen, and dantrolene are sometimes used to control muscle spasticity. Anticholinergic drugs may be used to help control abnormal movements. Alcohol or Botox injections into muscle may be used to reduce spasticity for a short time so health care providers can work to lengthen a muscle. Baclofen infused into the spinal canal under control of an electronic pump may be used to control spasticity for long periods of time. Other drugs may also be given to control seizures.

After analyzing findings from the initial evaluation the patient’s primary issue is severe right hip/knee pain which is limiting his ability to participate in PT, as well as perform functional activities. Therefore, identifying the source of pain is the main priority since the patient’s pain is 5/10 at rest and 7/10 with bed mobility, transfers, and ambulation. Taking into consideration the high pain levels and unknown source; the patient was discharged and recommended to follow up with his MD. This being said, below are potential concerns involving the combination of medications and impairments during interventions if this patient remained in Neuro Clinic with minimal pain.

One of the main goals for the patient is to protect her hip, therefore she has strict hip precautions and her right leg has been restrained to prevent sudden movement. The result of the fall assessment was a total of 5. The patient is not confused, disoriented, or impulsive. She is calm, cooperative, and happy to continue to progress. The patient does not suffer from dizziness and is not taking benzodiazepines or anticonvulsants. However, the patient has altered elimination, which is a score of 1 and was unable to rise without assistance at the moment giving her a score of 4. The patient is at a high risk for falls. Altered elimination related to inability to walk to

As a result of the contractions in the Muscle- Skeletal Longitudinal Section cells and the Muscle- Skeletal Cross Section cells, it allows your muscle to be able to contract in response to nerve stimuli. This means that the movements of most of these muscles are not involuntary, you can control them. Therefore, once the stimulation stops, the muscles relax.

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders that share the primary feature of progressive lower limb spasticity and weakness, with sparing of the upper extremities (Blackstone et al., 2010). Although few epidemiological studies have been carried out, the prevalence of HSPs has been estimated to range from ~3-9 per 100,000 and the age of onset can vary widely, from early childhood to late in life (Salinas et al., 2008). The HSPs are classified according to the mode of inheritance (autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and X-linked) and whether progressive spasticity occurs in isolation (uncomplicated HSP) or is accompanied by additional clinical features such as ataxia, seizures, cognitive impairment and peripheral neuropathy (complicated HSP) (Fink, 2013).

Primary lateral sclerosis is a very rare form of MND in which people experience spasticity but do not experience muscle wasting or fasciculation’s.

In my opinion, muscle relaxant together with physical therapy modalities and most importantly therapeutic exercises will have an effective result than taking muscle relaxants alone. Muscle relaxants help alleviate pain and relieves the stress on the muscle caused by trauma, strain, or physical exertion. As a consequence, patient can participate well in the therapy with less discomfort. For instance, with my patient who had rotator cuff surgery, during the first few days of treatment, she didn’t like to take muscle relaxants. During our therapy, she was complaining of increased pain and when performing range of motion exercises patient had muscle spasms in the shoulder muscles and interferes with her therapy. The doctor advised to take the

There are two types of muscle relaxants. First, is the antispastic agents that are not recommended for low back pain treatment because it carry indication for spasticity related to injury at the central nervous system. Second, the muscle relaxants is antispasmodic agents that can be used as treatment plan for low back pain if patients do not respond sufficient to first-line analgesics. It should be used only for short time period, if possible no more than 2 weeks in total. Muscle relaxants show better results in reducing pain and relieving symptoms, but it is less effective than NSAIDs. It also can cause more side effects if the patients used it. The major side effects related with muscle relaxants are linked with the central nervous system,

The muscular system, in conjunction with the skeletal system, is responsible for movement of the body among other things (VanPutte, 270). The ability of the human body to move has been critical in the survival of the species over the years—for example; escaping from predators is only possible with skeletal muscle contraction. Hansen’s disease generally only affects the peripheral nerves of the extremities, not the locations of the larger muscle groups; however the smaller muscles of the hands and feet are vital for the well-being of individuals. For example, it would be quite difficult to feed oneself without the use of hands. Unfortunately, extreme cases of Hansen’s disease cause paralysis of the individual’s hands and feet. Paralysis occurs due to deadening of the peripheral nerves, both sensory and motor. As the afferent neurons lose the ability to receive and send stimuli, the nerve impulses (action potentials) are sent to the central nervous system less and less often. Even so, the action potentials that are transmitted to the CNS still are unlikely to stimulate the skeletal muscles for contraction. This is because the efferent peripheral neurons of the hands and feet are damaged as well. In effect, the sensory nerves of the extremities cannot receive much stimuli, and the motor neurons are also less able to start the action potentials in the skeletal muscle

The tolerance to muscle-related therapeutic benefits does not seem to occur to a significant degree is the useful property of baclofen. After many years of continued use, Baclofen maintains its therapeutic anti-spasmodic effects [3]. However, tolerance may develop in some people receiving intrathecal baclofen treatment, as per some recent studies [4][5][6]. In the United States, as of 2015, the price for a usual course of cure is less than 25 USD [7].

- One kind of treatment to relieve your muscle from your work or your exercise.

The patient experiences this disease generally feels uncontrolled, irritating or tedious muscular contraction that leads to changed movements and abnormal position or attitudes of hands and fingers.