Introduction
Red face is the most common presentation in my practice, particularly among middle age females. My multidisciplinary practice is residing in an urban population of Dundas, Canada, where the population is comprised of mostly middle and upper middle class Caucasians.
The prevalence of rosacea is high among my patients and sometimes it presents in combination with other the skin conditions especially among males such as seborrheic dermatitis. As rosacea is considered a life long skin disease, involving, the face, it can adversely affect the patient’s well being both mentally and physically. The negative affect of the physical appearance may cause anxiety, depression, behavior changes such as social avoidance, irritability and decline in their self esteem and confidence.(5,13,14)
The justification of rosacea as my choice for this dissertation is to evaluate variety of evidence and modality of the available treatment options and address my patient’s well-being in living with chronic diseases.
To study the efficacy and evidence of the management of rosacea I have searched articles through OVID, Medline and pubmed from the years 1966 to present.
Rosacea is a recurrent, inflammatory disorder of the skin involving the face, particularly the cheeks, nose, chin, forehead and some times the neck, chest, back and scalp. (1,2,3,6) The disease is characterized by initial flushing and episodic erythema which later evolves into persistent erythema, papules, pustules, and
Vitiligo is an auto-immune disease where melanocytes, the cells that make pigment in the skin, are destroyed (Vora, Patel, Chaudhary, Mehta & Pilani, 2014). It is characterized clinically by totally white patches of skin, also known as lesions, appearing primarily on visible areas of the body, including face and hands (Osman, Elkordufani & Abdullah, 2009). In very rare cases vitiligo is accompanied by itching or other somatic symptoms but gradual discoloration is generally its only physical symptom (Schmid-Ott et al., 2007). The patches develop unpredictably and while there is a genetic component to vitiligo, race and age do not affect the incidence of the disease (Gupta, Sreenivas, Mehta, Khaitan & Ramam,
Mother brought her 16year old girl to the clinic with a history of acne that is getting worse. The mother states that the symptoms started about six months ago but was not as bad as it is today. She states that they have tried over the counter medication but none seems to be helping. Patient BV expressed a lot of concern because it is affecting her appearance and she is very self-conscious of it. she is worried that it will never go away. She states that she has no other health concern at this
Rosacea affects millions of women and men and can interfere with day-to-day life. It is embarrassing at best and may cause anxiety or psychological problems at worst. Rosacea is a chronic disease that may respond to oral and topical antibiotics, but some patients continue to have symptoms of persistent flushing even after taking antibiotics. Intense pulsed light (IPL) is another treatment for rosacea that has been shown through clinical research to be effective in reducing redness, flushing and acneiform breakouts for up to 77.8 percent of participants. It also improved skin texture for 75 percent of participants. Not only did IPL reduce the symptoms, the effects were long lasting. In another study at the University of Utah, IPL therapy resulted
Rosacea is a “long-term disease” which affects the face and in severe cases the eyes (U.S. National Library of Medicine 2016). Whenever symptoms arise, many might think of it as acne due to the striking resemblance in appearance. Symptoms that come with rosacea include redness in the face, broken capillaries, acne, swollen nose, thick skin, and red itchy eyes (U.S. National Library of Medicine 2016). Frequent flushing is another early sign of the disorder and should be checked for the chronic illness. Currently there is no exact cause to why rosacea occurs; however, researchers know that the disease is caused by irritants on the skin (WebMD 2005). Further research has shown that those who tend to develop rosacea are
Rosacea is a chronic cutaneous disorder affecting primarily the convexities of the central face (cheek, nose, chin, and central forehead), often characterized by remissions and exacerbations (Wilkin et al., 2004). This disease is more prevalent in females, however, male patients tend to present with more severe cases (Utas et al., 1999).
The cause of rosacea is still unknown, and there is no cure. However, research has allowed doctors to develop a course of treatment that effectively controls rosacea by minimizing its symptoms. Symptoms include frequent redness of the face or flushing, small red lines under the skin, acne, and swollen affected area. As it there is no cure at the moment, some ways to control the symptoms are avoiding exposure to sunlight, avoiding drinking alcohol, also using lasers and light treatment to help with some severe cases of
“Is your face always that red?” I had heard this question hundreds of times throughout my life by family, friends, and the occasional stranger, but never by a medical professional. So when the physician assistant I had been seeing to treat a recurring case of strep throat asked me this same question, I thought she was just making an innocent inquiry like so many others had before. I gave her the same answer I gave everyone who asked. “Yes, sometimes it gets worse when I’m stressed or if I’m in the sun, but for the most part it stays close to this shade of red.”
The Children’s dermatology life quality index (CDLQI) is used to measure the impact of eczema on children’s (five years or older) quality of life over the previous seven days (Ben-Gashir et al., 2004). There are two different versions of this, a pictorial cartoon or a word document version. The total score is calculated by summing the scores from each question, with a maximum score of 30 and minimum of 0 where a higher score indicates more impairment in quality of life. There are six dimensions that it measures; symptoms and feelings, leisure, school or holidays, personal relationships, treatment and sleep. This questionnaire is chosen to be used in this study as it includes a pictorial version which will allow for a better understanding for
Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disorder that affects over 45 million people worldwide. Rosacea affects the facial skin and eyes. Rosacea symptoms include redness, flushing, swelling, burning sensations, pustules, visual disturbances and loss of vision. In some cases the chronic facial pain, skin disfigurement, and visual changes can result in a reduced quality of
Rosacea is a skin disease that causes redness to the body, usually all over the face, particularly around the nose, chin, and forehead. Rosacea can appear to look like very large or little patches of redness in different areas of the face, and may cause a bit swelling and warmth to those areas. According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (2013),
This paper will describe Marissa Fessenden’s article, “The Frustrating Complexity of Adult Acne.” I chose this topic, because acne is a major concern for many people and is one of the most common dermatologic conditions, affecting millions of individuals in the United States. I personally suffered with this condition from the age of thirteen until my early thirties. Another reason I chose this article is for my wife, whom still suffers from acne today. If you ever had acne or known someone who has, you probably understand the levels of stress and anxiety that comes from this skin condition.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer. Acne is a common skin disease characterized by blockage and/or inflammation of hair follicles and their sebaceous gland. The similarities in presentation and localization between BCC and acne may cause misdiagnosis. Researchers from Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Denmark reported a case of 53‐year‐old Caucasian male. He was presented with a subcutaneous swelling in his right axilla, which had been progressing over a 6‐month period. His history revealed presence of multiple small BCCs in the face and torso and also reported development of the acne at the age of 45 years and was successfully treated with systemic isotretinoin
The term used for complex acne is known as Pathogenesis. This process can be related to the following; sebum production, follicular plugging, genetics, diet, medication, innate immunity, and alterations such as what chemicals that the face is being cleansed with. Acne is mostly located on the lower half of the face- the chin and along the jaw line. Although acne in adult women is very common, there are also methods of relieving the skin. In the study there are multiple practical ways to cure acne; Hormonal treatment, Oral contraceptive pills (OCP), Spironolactone, Flutamide, and Cyproterone acetate
Both men and ladies develop psoriasis at equivalent rates, those that developed signs of a skin condition don’t seem to find it to severe enough to visit a dermatologist at first, instead many apply moisturizers in hopes that if centralized its smooths out from the being visible and woman apply make-up for cover up while males usually do not seem to hide it or care. The analyzable data gathered for individuals with psoriasis is critical to comprehend because this skin disorder and its level of severity may lead to developing comorbidities linked with psoriasis. In the journal Medicine and Dermatology Follow (2009), FDA reported once individuals decide to visit a doctor’s office to inquire about the disturbing appearance of what may be psoriasis doctor’s account 88% of the time the diagnosis is in fact psoriasis and is already at its moderate stages. There are about 150,000 new cases each year in the United States for psoriasis (Medicine and Dermatology Follow, 2009). In the study of Pietrngelo & Krucik (2016),1.9 percent of African-Americans have psoriasis, contrasted with 4.6 its most astounding in percent of Caucasians. Psoriasis often grows between the ages of 15 and 40, but it can develop at any age. A few babies have psoriasis, even though this is viewed as uncommon. The first signs of psoriasis are in females mostly in the 20 years of age while in males the mean age is 29 years of age (Pietrngelo & Krucik,