A Study on Communicable Diseases

It isn’t transmitted as an infectious disease. It’s based around the actual spreading of the disease its self and the areas of the body its spread to and the stage it’s currently at.

A way the government control diseases in the population is by planning and evaluating the health and social care provision, they do this by assessing the services that are being provided and see if they are helping problems that take place. It is also important that when infectious diseases have come up, it is a legal requirement that it is reported to the appropriate people, by doing this measures can be put in place to stop them spreading. An example for this is when diseases such as Tuberculosis (TB) and Measles are diagnosed or suspected, the local medical officer is responsible for monitoring the disease and

Communicable disease outbreak occurs when there is a larger then expected incidence of a disease. It can affect a small group or thousands of people in a region. In some instances even just two independent cases can lead to an outbreak, eventually leading to an epidemic, or pandemic which refers to a global outbreak. Measles is a communicable disease that is highly contagious according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The good news is that it is a preventable disease, because there is a vaccine that is available to prevent people from contracting it. One complication that arises is when some people

Food production led to the causes of many things, some such as germs carried by farmers usually, technology, and literacy. Infections and diseases were led by various animals, being around them or being involved with them caused this. Some of the major diseases we get as humans are smallpox, tuberculosis, flu, plague, measles, malaria, and cholera. These are evolved and mainly gotten from animals, usually animals like house pets or farm animals, since humans interact with them more than other kinds of animals. Germs and microbes pass through victims and spread around fairly simple or not simple at all. Usually, the easiest way for a germ to spread is through waiting to be passed to another victim. As if someone who is “sick” is contagious and

1. Description of the communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence).

A communicable disease chain is the mechanism by which an infective agent or pathogen is transmitted. The chain requires an infective agent, a source of infection, a mode of transmission and a host. An example of an infective agent could be bacteria, a virus, fungus, protozoan or helminth. The source of infective agents can be transmission from host to host, an infected human or animal, insects, soil or livestock. The mode of transmission is how the infective agent is carried from host to host. Transmission can be by air, ingestion or physical contact. To complete a life cycle or to replicate, the infective agent requires a host.

During childhood we are given vaccinations and as we get older we are given more. These vaccinations are to help our bodies protect us against various strains of diseases and viruses. Now in the twentieth century there are multiple crippling diseases that are almost if not already extinct. All of this is due to vaccinations and public health recommendations. To have the health system we have today we first had to create and develop public health, bring this entity into our decade and then continue to manage the framework to benefit the requirements of today’s health topics.

Communicable diseases have always created a host of serious of problems. These diseases cause physical, emotional, and even financial problems in our societies today. Communicable disease is a sickness that is passed on through the transmission of infectious illnesses. People, food, animals or water can pass many infections from humans to humans or animals to humans. Humans can pass infectious diseases to each other from touching or exchanging body fluids. In 1981, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) marked the official start of the HIV epidemic which became one of the world’s most deadly communicable diseases (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2015). The widespread of the human immunodeficiency virus has affected approximately 1.2 million people in the United States, and roughly 35 million worldwide is living with HIV (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015).

Introduction: Public health achievements in the areas of vaccinations to prevent disease, disease prevention and control, laws to limit the consumption of tobacco, maternal and infant health, and cardiovascular disease are achievements on their own. With public health, improvements in one area often have an effect on a different area of public health. Improvements in vaccinations, for example, will improve maternal and infant health as a reduced number of mothers and infants will fall ill from diseases preventable by vaccination. In addition, vaccinations control the spread of infectious disease, and reduce the incidence rate of the disease in a population.

Discuss the impact of one infectious disease on the health, economic development and lifestyle of the area where it occurs?

The next role, related to disease outbreak, public health plays in emergency preparedness and response is laboratory investigation and analysis. Laboratories are able to identify agents, biological and chemical, through different activities and then they are able to link it to other cases that had similar sources (Turnock, 2011 p. 426). Intervention is the next role, related to disease outbreak, that public health plays in emergency preparedness and response. One of the main reasons why collecting, investigating, and distributing the information about a disease is important is because it is a part of the process of controlling the disease from spreading (Turnock, 2011 p. 426). Interventions that are created to protect people in the community from the risk that are associated with a disease include: “setting standards for health and safety, inspecting food production and importation facilities, monitoring environmental conditions that foster infectious disease and enforcing private-sector compliance with established standards” (Turnock, 2011 p. 426).

The four ways a disease is spread are direct /indirect contact with another human being or a contaminated object, germs landing on another person when somebody coughs or sneezes, germs spreading on air currents, and after a child or adult touches contaminated blood or body liquids. After being exposed through these transmissions, the youngster or adult experiences mild to severe symptoms because their immune system is trying to fight back against the sickness that has entered the body. If there is no attempt at treatment and the symptoms become life-threatening, the youth or grown-up can die in a short time or suffer life-changing disabilities, depending on what illness they have received and how long it went untreated. Every type of illness

There are six core functions of epidemiology (Dicker, Coronado, Koo, & Parrish, 2012). The first function is public health surveillance. Public health surveillance can be defined as the method of collecting and analyzing data to better serve the health and well-being of the public efficiently and effectively. For example, if hospitals start seeing more cases of tuberculosis epidemiologists can analyze collected data to find a pattern or commonality among those who were treated. If they find that the majority of patients are from the same geographical location, they may want to concentrate their field investigation efforts in that area. Public health surveillance is important to the study of

“Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease), and the application of this study to the control of diseases and other health problems (WHO, 2015)”. “Various methods can be used to carry out epidemiological investigations: surveillance and descriptive studies can be used to study distribution; analytical studies are used to study determinants (WHO, 2015)”.This paper discusses about epidemiology of HIV infection, including factors that contribute the development of the disease, epidemiologic triangle, role of community health nurse and the national organization that address the communicable disease.

Because improvements in nutrition and sanitation have been made, many epidemics have ended. As longevity of life increases, chronic diseases have taken the place of infectious disease as the leading cause of death. The different modes of transmission, disease development, and disease spectrum are all important factors to consider when studying the transmission of communicable diseases. It is also important to know about emerging infectious diseases. It is important to be aware of these diseases so that signs of these symptoms can be easily recognizable to provide the best patient care.