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Adhd Case Studies

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This paper explores Attention Deficit Hyperativity Disorder(ADHD) in children, teens, and adults. The American Pediatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals(DSM) have been used by healthcare professional to help diagnose ADHD. This diagnostic standard helps ensure people obtain the right diagnosis and receive correct treatment. The World Health Organization developed the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health(ICF) to "describe the functional problems of ADHD and to provide a systematic and comprehensive framework and common language for describing and assessing functional implications of health conditions", regardless of specific disease or disorder.(Loe & Feldman, 2007, p. 634). The DSM specify criteria for ADHD and list symptoms that identify three different presentations of ADHD. Because symptoms can change over time, presentations may change as well. The DSM-5 indicated changes for the diagnosis of ADHD which include a change in the age of symptom onset, some symptoms need to be present in more than one setting rather than impairment, new descriptions of symptoms in older aged kids to range to 17 and above, and younger children only need meet five of the symptoms versus the six identified in the past. …show more content…

Research has shown that ADHD is highly genetic. The majority of cases of ADHD are thought to be caused by a mix of genetic (inherited) and environmental factors. A child with ADHD is four times as likely to have had a relative who was also diagnosed. ADHD is a brain-based disorder and linked to many specific brain areas. Where heredity does not seem to be a factor, difficulties during pregnancy, prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco, premature delivery, low birth weight, excessively high lead levels, and postnatal injury to the prefrontal brain regions contribute, in varying degrees, to the risk for the

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