Research Paper: America in Cambodia The international affairs and the involvement of America during the Vietnam War was one of the greatest involvements in American history. Not only was America involved with Vietnamese affairs, but the U.S. was also involved in Cambodian affairs as well. The historical relevance of Cambodia is often overlooked when discussing the war as a whole. The events in Cambodia were events marked in history as side effects of the Vietnam War; however, Cambodia is more that just a side effect of the war. The secret bombings, the great Pol Pot genocide, the killing fields and the strict communist society that developed should not be marked as a mere side effect of Vietnam War history. The documentation and the reportings …show more content…
government to persuade the country of Cambodia to relieve their state of neutrality and stand as an anti-Communist force (Williams et al. 284). Breaking the neutrality of Cambodia, would allow America to conduct legal military action against Viet Cong forces residing on the borders of Cambodia. If Cambodia were to continue its state of neutrality, then the neighboring communist forces of North Vietnam would be able to illegally support themselves via neutral Cambodian land; a land that cannot be touched by the U.S. military (Drivas 137). By gaining the trust of Cambodia and converting them to an anti-Communist country, the American government believed they would be able to continue their pursuit in eliminating Viet Cong forces and searching for the central communist party headquarters of South Vietnam, COSVN (Central Office for South Vietnam), supposedly located in Cambodia (Starr 139). However, this idea would be hindered by a few factors regarding the unsteady international relationship between both countries. During the war, Cambodia’s leader, Prince Norodom Sihanouk, was very firm about keeping Cambodia a neutral country. With Cambodia’s lack of contribution to the anti-Communist forces, the American government had no legal way to eliminate Viet Cong communists residing on the border of Cambodia. The U.S. government was still steadfast in persuading the country to be anti-Communist, but Cambodia stood …show more content…
But in the following year, the secret bombings were exposed to the public, which brought controversy in America (William et al. 287). Some viewed Nixon’s actions as a “...Violation of international law” (Williams et al. 287). Nixon had illegally bombed a neutral country, without the consent of the Cambodian government or the consent of Congress; therefore, making Nixon’s actions unacceptable to most of the American public. However, these actions should have been deemed as acceptable according to Nixon’s Administration because: “The President was acting under his Constitutional authority as Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces to assure the security of the troops under his command, and also under his Constitutional authority as Chief Executive for the conduct of foreign affairs” (Williams et al. 287). The Administration argued that Nixon had the right to do as he did for the good of the American troops, as well as for the good of the Cambodian people (Williams et al. 287). But in actuality, the bombings were perhaps one of the greatest factors leading to the rise of one of the worst communist groups in history, the Khmer Rouge. “... The almost constant thunder of the American bombing, which the population has become injured to, has been joined by the sound of small-arms fire along the city’s perimeter and, on one occasion, rockets and
George Herring 's article " The legacy of Vietnam" talks about the military clash between the communist North Vietnam, backed by its allies and the government of South Vietnam, backed by the United States and other countries that are anti-communist that happened in Vietnam during Richard Nixon 's presidency. The Vietnam War was a terrible war, especially for Vietnamese because a millions of them died during the war. The author not just describes the war itself; he also analyzes the killing and the attack that occurred during the war. In general the Vietnam War was the most costly war contrast to other wars and it was the most shocking eras in American history. The Vietnam War had an impact in American history. It brought fear from the war
The Cambodian Genocide has the historical context of the Vietnam War and the country’s own civil war. During the Vietnam War, leading up to the conflicts that would contribute to the genocide, Cambodia was used as a U.S. battleground for the Vietnam War. Cambodia would become a battle ground for American troops fighting in Vietnam for four years; the war would kill up
The first thing that one must do when discussing Vietnam is remember the historical context in which the conflict took place. The United States and it's Free World allies were attempting to confine the Communist Bloc, which by this time included both the Soviet Union and China, and keep it from expanding into surrounding nations. The U.S. felt that if the Communists were not allowed to expand, they would eventually collapse under the weight of their centralized economy. So in order to accomplish the policy of containment, the U.S. need to ally itself with nations bordering Communist ones. However, one of the most important aspects of political alliances is the trust each must have in the
In Nixon’s effort to end the war, his first policy was to send a message to Hanoi that he meant business. His policy consisted of escalated strategic bombings near the border of Cambodia in hopes to get the North Vietnamese to fear that the United States was capable of doing anything to achieve victory. Even Johnson was skeptical of expanding the war into Cambodia but Nixon’s first policy in full effect. Unfortunately, America was blinded by the corruptness of Nixon’s “peaceful presidency” since
Fearing that the U.S. peace movement would use the bombings to build opposition to the war to new heights, Nixon tried to keep the bombings secret. But in May, with U.S. forces taking heavy losses on “Hamburger Hill” in the A-Shau Valley, news of the bombings leaked out. It was time to change the subject. (Karnow 1983, 591, 601)
The Vietnam War, once called “the most disastrous of all America’s undertakings over the whole 200 years of history” by George Kennan (Brinkley, p. 773) was a war where the United States entered to support South Vietnam. The goal was to help South Vietnam maintain an anticommunist government. What began as providing aid, turned into intervention, and then full-fledged involvement. In the beginning, few Americans protested America’s involvement in the war, however this drastically changed as time continued. Peace
got rid of Norodom Sihanouk who was the king of Cambodia at the time. He was all for neutrality. U.S. put General Lon Nol to power in Cambodia in March of 1970. In the spring of 1970, Nixon authorized bombings in Cambodia and sent both U.S. and SVA (South Vietnamese Army) troops across the border, entirely without the consent or informed of Congress. Nixon secretly bombed Cambodia, a neutral country that the North Vietnam used for sanctuary. During the war, young people were being drafted tremendously in the United States. This angered the youth and protests were being made. During the Kent State protest, four students were shot dead by the Ohio National
Brian Creech. (2013) “The Rising Tide of War”: Cambodian Bombings and the Discourses of American Military Power in Time. The Communication Review 16:4, pages 189-210.
From the beginning, the people of America had a distrust in the government when they first began to involve themselves in the Vietnam War. The United States feared that communism would overtake the world, and, unlike the majority of its citizens, the government of America felt it their responsibility to prevent this from happening. An opportunity presented itself in which America could aid in the prevention of the overtaking of Vietnam by a communist government. South Vietnam and North Vietnam were separated at the seventeenth parallel, and South Vietnam wanted it to remain that way and to become its own independent country and democracy. However, North Vietnam and its leader, Ho Chi Minh, wanted to unite both North and South Vietnam under communist rule. In 1954, President Eisenhower put into effect America’s plan to halt the spread of communism. Eisenhower sent a letter to Ngo Dinh Diem, the Prime Minister of South Vietnam, with America’s plans and motives in efforts to gain the trust of a possible new American ally. The citizens of America saw this, not as an opportunity, but as a danger to their precious country. The American government viewed South Vietnam’s situation as a cry for
Since World War II, Conflicts in Asia have played a major role in the Cold War and American foreign policy. One conflict was the Vietnam War, the effects of this conflict were not only felt within the region of Southeast Asia, for example Norman Morrison was a Baltimore Quaker and performed the act of self-immolation at the age of 31 to protest the US’s involvement in Vietnam, this is an example of how it was felt even in the United States and not just in Vietnam. These repercussions had a great impact on American society and even our foreign policy.
To begin with, the operation of invading Cambodia came into the greater scheme of the Vietnam War. This all began in 1955 with The Communist North Vietnamese wanting a union with the Anti-Communist South Vietnamese, which was promptly refused. As a result war broke out and now the South Vietnamese not only had to deal with the north but also with a communist supporting group in the south known as the Viet Cong. This intensified the war as they were a guerrilla based group that would repeatedly ambush and attack the south at night.
This volume contains the U.S. explanation for the war, a review of Vietnam’s history and the war, and U.S. armed forces, as well as various problems during the war, including drug and racial problems, desertion, sedition, and treason. There is information about POW treatment, POWs and MIAs, the CIA and the drug trade, war crimes, PTSD, Moral Injury, and history lessons not learned. This volume also contains a brief photo view of some aspects of events, in South Vietnam, in 1968; a decisive year in the war.
The brutal and vicious strategies used during the second Indochina war eloquently were brought to light by James W. McCoy in “Secrets of the Viet Cong.” McCoy describe the stories and acts that occurred during the second Indochina war that had taken place on all sides of the field. The main focus of this book is the U.S pitted against the V.C as well as the many other obstacles faced in the country of Vietnam. War in general is a very interesting topic, especially the Vietnam war. The fact that the superpower America had failed to compete and to win against the small country of North Vietnam makes this specific war as interesting as it is. Not to mention the warfare tactics and strategies used by either side makes it an enthralling topic to
“I lost 17,000 men, almost 10 percent of the total Hmong population," General Vang Pao said. "The Hmong sacrificed the most in the war and were the ones who suffered the most” (Vietnam War 'secret Army' Chief Vang Pao Dies in US). The C.I.A. recruited the Hmong as their allies when the communist Pathet Lao joined the Laotian government because the U.S. feared that the neighboring countries would fall into communism too. During the Vietnam War, negotiators from different countries agreed that Laos would remain neutral under the Geneva (Thompson). But because the United States feared the spread of communism, the C.I.A. directed a covert operation in Laos known as the Secret War. The Hmong people were abandoned, forgotten and treated poorly after
At its core, Vietnamization was a way to “de-Americanize” (Willbanks, 2004) Vietnam and win the war and peace. The goals of Vietnamization were to improve and strengthen South Vietnamese armed forces, help establish a strong leader, and shift the combat from the U.S. troops to the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) while “slowly withdrawing the U.S. troops out of Vietnam” (Nixon, 1971). Ending the war was the ultimate goal, but was impossible to achieve due to North Vietnamese combat groups performing series of attacks on the South. This resulted in Nixon allowing bombings to occur in the Cambodian base camps where the North Vietnamese kept their weapons and supplies in 1970. When the bombings became public, Nixon argued that they were necessary “to keep pressure on the enemy until the Vietnamization strategy took root” (History.com, 2010) and for “victory on the battlefield” (Kimball, 2014). Both the Cambodian bombings