Analyse the use of manipulatives within an EYFS context, (and in particular a mastery lesson) and identify and critically analyse a resource that has been observed or used during school experience.
This assignment will analyse the use of manipulatives within and Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) context (particularly in a mastery lesson) as well as critically analyse a resource (manipulative) that I have observed being used first hand within an EYFS setting.
Manipulatives in mathematics are practical apparatus that enable us to pick them up and manipulate them, such as; counters, multi-link cubes, digit cards, Cuisenaire rods, base ten, bead strings, place value counters and Dienes apparatus. They contain different aspects of mathematics
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As a child masters a skill, it is important that the decision is left to them as to when they are ready to move on from manipulatives onto pictoral representations and finally to abstract representations. When using manipulatives, children are more enthusiastic and motivated to learn, they gain deeper understanding through the use of manipulatives and they can be effectively used to support and scaffold English Additional Language (EAL) learners to demonstrate their understanding in situations where they can not verbalise this.
Psychologist Jean Piaget (1936) believed that children are ‘active learners’ and that they are able to grasp concepts by advancing through four stages of cognitive development, these are; the sensorimotor stage, the preoperational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operational stage. These four stages of cognitive development are very similar to constructivist Jerome Bruner’s (1960) three modes of representation (as his ideas stem from those of Piaget). Bruner’s three modes of representation are; enactive (action based) - this involves encrypting action based information and storing it mentally in our memory, iconic (image based) – in this mode of representation, information is stored visually, symbolic (language based) – in this mode, information is able to be stored in code and symbols. Once you reach this mode of representation, actions as well as images stored in our memory
Piaget believe that children are active thinkers. He recognized that the mind develops through a series of irreversible stages. He also acknowledged that a child’s maturing brain builds schemas that are constantly assimilating and accommodating to the world around them. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is split into four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. The sensorimotor stage occurs from birth to nearly two years of age. At this stage, infants learn about the world around them by sensing it and interacting within it. It is also in this stage that the idea of object permanence develops, that is, the awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not being observed. In my personal life, I am certain that in this stage of development I would have enjoyed peek-a-boo, because if I didn’t see it, to my developing mind, it wasn’t there at all. The second stage, preoperational, lasts from two years of age to seven years of
The Brindishe Manor ethos visibly represents the approach for Quality First Teaching, which is vastly focused on personalised learning. The majority of EAL learners find it difficult to access and process information2 and therefore, it is important to plan, teach and resource learning activities with an EAL focus. This also benefits all children in the classroom. For example, during an observation I carried out, I noted some strategies that are
At the centre of Piaget's theory is the principle that cognitive development occurs in a series of four distinct, universal stages, each characterized by increasingly sophisticated and
o say no when you ask them to do things |Understand & uses phrases ‘me’ & ‘you’
Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, made substantial findings in intellectual development. His Cognitive Theory influenced both the fields of education and psychology. Piaget identified four major periods of cognitive development: the sensorimotor stage, the preoperational stage, the concrete operations stage, and the stage of formal operations. The preoperational stage includes children two to four years of age and is characterized by the development and refinement of schemes for symbolic representation. During the preoperational stage lies, what Piaget coined, the intuitive period. This phase occurs during the ages of 4-7 and during this time, the child’s thinking is largely centered on the way things appear to be rather than on
As I am a carpenter by trade, the head instructor, Marsden Lawley (Mars is a trained behaviorist) placed me in charge of the wood shop and assigned me several older male students with the aim of completing maintenance projects in and around the school. The idea was to train these individuals in the multidisciplinary aspects of building maintenance to provide them with some rudimentary skills that could foreseeable bring them work upon graduation. As the days turned to weeks I, under Mar’s tutelage, began to see that the completion of the assigned tasks was tertiary behind both the process of learning and the development of the students communicative skills. With this understanding, we (the students and I) began broadening the scope of our interactions by spending considerable time in free form conversation.
Teaching young children can be one of the most challenging feats that there is. Every student learns differently and to be able to differentiate for students can be problematic because it can become very time consuming. I am finding out that it is important to understand the needs of students so that each child gets a valuable education. It is important for differentiated instruction, which allows for each child to render the tools they need in order to succeed. Using tools such as centers and Four Blocks will hopefully help students achieve these tools. For example, during those times the children are sometimes grouped in ability and this would help the teacher to focus on each ability group and help them to improve.
In the sensorimotor stage the child discovers the environment through physical actions such as sucking, grabbing, shaking and pushing. During these first two years of life children realize objects still exist, even if it is out of view. This concept is known as object permanence. Children in the preoperational stage develop language skills, but may only grasp an idea with repeated exposure. As Piaget describes in the next stage, children draw on knowledge that is based on real life situations to provide more logical explanations and predictions. Lastly, in the formal operational stage children use higher levels of thinking and present abstract ideas.
Bottle (2005:84), in agreement with Drews, D (2013), posits that teachers need to have careful considerations when choosing appropriate manipulatives according to their understanding of whether the manipulative will support students in their thinking. Bottle (2005:84), in agreement with Drews, D (2013), posits that teachers need to have careful considerations when choosing appropriate manipulative according to their understanding of whether the manipulative will support students in their thinking. Bottle (2005:84), in agreement with Drews, D (2013), posits that teachers need to have careful considerations when choosing appropriate manipulatives according to their understanding of whether the manipulative will support students in their thinking.
In the first, or sensorimotor, stage (birth to two years), knowledge is gained primarily through sensory impressions and motor activity. Through these two modes of learning, experienced both separately and in combination, infants gradually learn to control their own bodies and objects in the external world. Toward the end of Piaget¡¦s career, he brought about the idea that action is actually the primary source of knowledge and that perception and language are more secondary roles. He claimed that action is not random, but has organization, as well as logic. Infants from birth to four months however, are incapable of thought and are unable to differentiate themselves from others or from the environment. To infants, objects only exist when they are insight
In the article published by Florence in ehow.com, she discussed the effects of math manipulatives, as
For this paper I will be exploring Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Swiss Psychologist Jean Piaget, theorized that children progress through four key stages of cognitive development that change their understanding of the world. By observing his own children, Piaget came up with four different stages of intellectual development that included: the sensorimotor stage, which starts from birth to age two; the preoperational stage, starts from age two to about age seven; the concrete operational stage, starts from age seven to eleven; and final stage, the formal operational stage, which begins in adolescence and continues into adulthood. In this paper I will only be focusing on the
Understanding cognition and how we learn is essential in the developmental stages of children. Not all students learn in the same way, understanding the cognitive process will assist in the development of the students. By modifying my approach when giving instructions I have noticed growth in current students that I am working with. Using concrete materials and giving the opportunity for students to be involved in hands-on activities on a daily basis, is essential in making new material meaningful to learners.. The knowledge gained from this topic has increased my understanding and is benefiting the children I am currently
Piaget was a Swiss Psychologist and is most famous for his work and research on cognitive development. He put forward the Theory of Cognitive Development and key elements in this theory include the formation of “Schemas” and “organisation”. A “schema” is an individuals thoughts and beliefs about an object or event and “organisation” refers to the ability of the child to put stages of each period (eg. Sensori-Motor Period) into a logical order (Miller,
Jean Piaget, a cognitivist, believed children progressed through a series of four key stages of cognitive development. These four major stages, sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational, are marked by shifts in how people understand the world. Although the stages correspond with an approximate age, Piaget’s stages are flexible in that if the child is ready they can reach a stage. Jean Piaget developed the Piagetian cognitive development theory. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development proposes that a child’s intellect, or cognitive ability, progresses through four distinct stages. The emergence of new abilities and ways of processing information characterize each stage. Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through four different stages of mental development. His theory focuses not only on understanding how children acquire knowledge, but also on understanding the nature of intelligence.