Analysis Of Davison Douglas Jim Crow Moves North

The segregation took place in churches, railroads, and schools, prisons, etc. There was also segregation in public housing, which caused the creation of “Nigger Hill,” “New Guinea,” and “Little Africa.” The more western north barred African American from coming into the state in same way. After the Civil war, the north had shown its position on white supremacy through its actions. Abraham Lincoln and the winning politic party also believed the same ideas of White Supremacy as shown by Lincoln’s speech,” I am not…in favor of brining about in any way the social and political equality of the black and white… I as much as any other man am in favor of having the superior position assigned to the white race.”

This paper discusses the experiences of African American Women under slavery during the Slave Trade, their exploitation, the secrecy, the variety of tasks and positions of slave women, slave and ex-slave narratives, and significant contributions to history. Also, this paper presents the hardships African American women faced and the challenges they overcame to become equal with men in today’s society. Slavery was a destructive experience for African Americans especially women. Black women suffered doubly during the slave era.

During the times of slavery, colored individuals were labeled as “other” in the United States. Black families were categorized as pathological, deviant, and in need of fixing. Black families struggled a lot. Poverty rates were sky high for single women who were the head of their household, especially for Black and Latino women. They were also the face of the homeless community, which was growing rapidly. The government then decided to implement marriage and fatherliness encouragements to ease poverty which resulted in societal problems surrounding the Black and Latino women.

In The New Jim Crow, Michelle Alexander develops a compelling analogy on how mass incarceration is similar to the Jim Crow era, and is a “race-making institution.” She begins her work with the question, “Where have all the black men gone?” (Alexander, 178) She demonstrates how the media and Obama have failed to give an honest answer to this question, that the large majority of them or in prison. She argues that in order to address this problem, we must be honest about the fact that this is happening, and the discrimination with the African American communities that is putting them there.

One of the more striking developments of the Reconstruction Era (1863-1877) was the integration of emancipated black men and women into the labor forces of Southern States. This transition period proved to be difficult for the largely agricultural economies as elite whites had to adjust to a more independent lifestyle, working class whites became poorer and blacks remained poor despite their freed status and ability to earn wages for their work. In Thavolia Glymph’s ‘A Makeshift Kind of Life’: Free Women and Free Homes, she examines the working class black women and the conditions they found themselves in. Two of her most prominent arguments found between pages 177 and 185 is that black women were still made to accept less than ideal and that white women struggled to cope with both their worsening living standards and black women’s independence. This paper examines both of those arguments.

Slave women had the hardest role to play in Colonial American women. They started out having to do unskilled work, such as building a fence. Then later on, when slaves became more expensive, women were seen more equal to the slave men. They were then responsible to duties that men were. Women had to work long, hard hours, side by side with men, on plantations. Then, suddenly, the north started having them take care of domestic duties for the owner’s wife. Eventually Southern states caught on, once the wives of the

many votes as well, which quickened the the pace of civil rights and changed the political landscape (Segregation in the United States 10). The blacks migrating to the North did not have all positive results though. Most of the blacks looking for jobs were under-qualified, leaving only such jobs as laborers or servants open, which was much

Some of the pull factors that attracted blacks to leave the south were the chance to earn a better education, increasing amount of jobs, the right to vote, black owned companies, and the opportunity for a better economic welfare. These push and pull served as the major factor in blacks migrating from the south to the north. Blacks felt that the north had a better opportunity for them to achieve greatness and was the cause for blacks to look search for the identity of the “New Negro.”

In the opening chapters, Sharpless depicts that African American women pursued the work of cooking for white families, because it was important to the financial stability of their families. Sharpless mentions how before women got the opportunity to work as cooks, they were forced to do field work, which involved working on cotton plantations, and even on farms tending and harvesting corn, tobacco, rice, and sugar. Doing field work consisted of long hours every single day, with very little to no pay, and working in harsh weather conditions like rain, hail, sleet, and snow, and when these women did not cooperate they were beaten and abused by their masters. Sharpless illustrates that once the opportunity came along to be inside the house and cook for these families, African American women leaped with joy. Even though the women still faced hardships in this profession, their family’s needs kept them motivated to work. These women could earn up to $17.50 a week and sometimes the employers of the cooks would give them used clothes, and allow them to take leftovers home to their families. Having the opportunity to become a cook gave these women lots of benefits, allowing them to keep their families sheltered

This “war on drugs,” which all subsequent presidents have embraced, has created a behemoth of courts, jails, and prisons that have done little to decrease the use of drugs while doing much to create confusion and hardship in families of color and urban communities.1,2Since 1972, the number of people incarcerated has increased 5-fold without a comparable decrease in crime or drug use.1,3 In fact, the decreased costs of opiates and stimulants and the increased potency of cannabis might lead one to an opposing conclusion.4 Given the politics of the war on drugs, skyrocketing incarceration rates are deemed a sign of success, not failure. I don’t totally agree with the book (I think linking crime and black struggle is even older than she does, for instance) but I think The New Jim Crow pursues the right line of questioning. “The prison boom is not the main cause of inequality between blacks and whites in America, but it did foreclose upward mobility

Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness goes into great detail on race related issues that were specific to black males, the mass incarceration, and how that lead to the development of institutionalized racism in the United States. She compares the Jim Crow with recent phenomenon of mass incarceration and points out that the mass incarceration is a network of laws, policies, customs and institutions that have been working together to warrant the subordinating status of black males. In this paper I will go into a brief examination of the range of issues that she mentions in her book that are surrounding the mass incarceration of black male populations.

Cooking in Other Women's Kitchens: Domestic Workers in the South, 1865-1960, Rebecca Sharpless detailed the lives of African American domestic workers, particularly cooks, from the days of Reconstruction until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. These women cooked meals for white families, a task deemed “messy, dirty work” unfit for affluent white women. Cooks completed these tasks requiring hard labor, handling dead animals, working in the dirt in the garden, and dangerous tools. Women who had once been slaves “did not hesitate to leave their former owners after the Civil War”. However, they soon realized that they needed employment to survive. Many preferred to find new employers than to work for old ones to establish boundaries without being plagued with former expectations. This came with new hurdles as many southerners still perceived African Americans as property of former owners and wouldn’t hire a free woman without their approval. This angered freedwomen who placed paramount importance on progress in social, political, and economic spheres. One of the only forms of employment that African Americans could find was

During the antebellum South, many Africans, who were forced migrants brought to America, were there to work for white-owners of tobacco and cotton plantations, manual labor as America expanded west, and as supplemental support of their owner’s families. Harriet Jacobs’s slave narrative supports the definition of slavery (in the South), discrimination (in the North), sexual gender as being influential to a slave’s role, the significant role of family support, and how the gender differences viewed and responded to life circumstances.

Slavery had an immense impact on African American families, as the familial dynamic of the African American family was in many ways responsible for the stereotypes surrounding black families in the present moment. Not only were families the sole property of their slave owner, but there were laws restricting their rights and privileges. However, despite the fact that the African American slave family existed in a perpetually tumultuous state, there were cohesive slave families, but they faced many struggles and challenges. In particular, black women were faced with incredible hardships with regard to sustaining the familial structure. This paper explores aspects of the African American family structure during slavery, considering the effect that slavery had on black women. The legacy of slavery in the present moment is also considered, in addition to whether slavery continues to exist.

Labor was the mechanism through which people resisted their status as slaves, pivoted into lives of freedom, and earned means to survive. Although enslaved people eventually obtained freedom, many continued into free life working jobs with which they’d become familiar during enslavement. However, for many former slaves, labor could only be found through working available tasks under poor conditions. For men and women, these tasks were separate, with men often providing labor as public manual workers, and women restricted to private, domestic affairs. Therefore, occupations of freed people were often a continuation of similar duties performed while enslaved. Furthermore, this labor was gendered depending on whether a position was domestic (female) or public (male) labor, which is explored greatly in the comparison of court testimonies and newspaper ads during and after slavery, as well as modern essays about slave labor.