Analysis of Chile's Road to Socialism Essay

After the age of enlightenment, colonies and nations around the world began questioning their rulers and ruling nations. Liberal and nationalist ideas spread across Europe and the world, especially after the French Revolution. When these beliefs spread to the colonies of America, independence movements and revolts occurred. The Latin American revolution and Haitian revolution were both significant events during the 19th century that affected both their respective nations and the world. While both revolutions resulted similarly such that a social hierarchy based on race existed after independence, they differ in that while the Latin American revolutions placed an emphasis on ending the Spanish casta system, Haitian revolution was based on freeing slaves.

The country of Chile is located in western South America. The conditions vary with the mountains, deserts, and beaches.

Once Allende becomes elected, the two revolutions which were supposed to compliment each other actually start to work against each other. The first type of revolution is the "revolution from below", which is characteristic of the workers in the Yarur rebelling against the Chilean government. The other type is the "revolution from above", this was the revolution common of the higher class like Allende working towards workers rights. At first, the workers think that their revolution from below was only helping Allende's revolution from above. The workers did things like form unions for the first time, or were even so bold to strike against the mill in order to gain complete control over it. Strikes had happened before which were about things like wages or unions, but this was different for the fact that they wanted total control of the mill. Allende was forced to give the workers the power to control the mill. This is just one of the examples of how the revolution from below "sometimes coincided with or complemented, but increasingly diverged from, the legalistic and modulated revolution from above" (141). For the most part in fact, the strategies of Allende were disrupted by the revolution from below because of their need for extreme

This section argues that the lower classes are under pressure of their owners and that the lower class can be able to achieve their goals to overcome their problems by the formation of unions or riots. It also states the capitalism should be overthrown because communision is the only way for equality among the people. In the third section of the Communist Manifesto, “Socialist and Communist Literature,” the authors discuss the differences of communism and other socioeconomic systems. In their conclusion, “Position of the Communists in Relation to the Various Opposition Parties,” briefly discusses countries that were taking action toward becoming a communist country. It ends with the authors calling for the communist revolution.

Three different types of economic systems used by governments are Communism, Capitalism, and Socialism. Each type of system is unique in different ways. Each has distinct aspects that make it what it is. In communism, the government runs everything and there are no social classes. The government in capitalism doesn’t interfere with any businesses and lets the citizens own and operate them. Socialism is basically a mixture of the two economic systems. The government runs certain businesses, but citizens run the rest. The three economic systems are different in the way they run things and regulate things.

Once Allende becomes elected, the two revolutions which were supposed to compliment each other actually start to work against each other. The first type of revolution is the "revolution from below", which is characteristic of the workers in the Yarur rebelling against the Chilean government. The other type is the "revolution from above", this was the revolution common of the higher class like Allende working towards workers rights. At first, the workers think that their revolution from below was only helping Allende's revolution from above. The workers did things like form unions for the first time, or were even so bold to strike against the mill in order to gain complete control over it. Strikes had happened before which were about things like wages or unions, but this was different for the fact that they wanted total control of the mill. Allende was forced to give the workers the power to control the mill. This is just one of the examples of how the revolution from below "sometimes coincided with or complemented, but increasingly diverged from, the legalistic and modulated revolution from above" (141). For the most part in fact, the strategies of Allende were disrupted by the revolution from below because of their need for extreme immediate progress. This was frustrating for Allende and his cabinet because they were constantly at the demand of the working class they falsely claimed to know and represent.

They were facing two main problems the first was “control of political and economic life by big business” the other main factor was “unrest and discontent among the lower classes, especially factory workers and immigrants” (354). This was also

Today, more than ever, there is great debate over politics and which economic system works the best. How needs and wants should be allocated, and who should do the allocating, is one of the most highly debated topics in our current society. Be it communist dictators defending a command economy, free market conservatives defending a market economy, or European liberals defending socialism, everyone has an opinion. While all systems have flaws and merits, it must be decided which system is the best for all citizens. When looking at both the financial well being of all citizens, it is clear that market economies fall short on ensuring that the basic needs of all citizens are met. If one looks at liberty and individual freedom, it is evident

Selbin identifies the most important part of a social revolution is the transformation of the society that is broken up into two parts consolidation and institutionalization of a country (Selbin 13). Augusto Pinochet and Fidel Castro both tried to succeed in these aspects, but both had success in areas but also failures in others. Their rise to power, reign and their political ideology separated them on a fundamental level, but they did have some similarities.

In the years following the Congress of Vienna, revolts plagued many European countries as well as several areas in Latin America. France was driven from Haiti, Portugal lost control of Brazil, and Spain was forced to withdraw from all its American empire except for Cuba and Puerto Rico. Colonial government in South America came to an end. Three countries where revolts were successfully established were Haiti, Venezuela, and Brazil. The countries in Latin America benefited from the revolts because they became free from colonial rule, but, except for Brazil, they were left with many consequences.

that continues to this day. As a result the of the revolution the relation of a worker to his

Former Venezuela President Chavez consolidated government control over the economy and nationalized its oil, and sized foreign business and improved poverty and the trend set by him is continuing when it comes to international trade and operation of foreign companies in Venezuela soil. Venezuela withdrew from the World Bank's International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) in 2012, citing bias in favor of transnational corporations. His successor Nicola Maduro reinforced Hugo Chavez reforms such as land law, expropriate idle and foreign companies, which is legislation and concrete actions in an effort to counter deteriorating economy with less intensity, (Ellner, 2014).

South America is turning to the left this much is widely known. It is due to the socialist ideas and values that are very old in the Latin American culture. They can be found, according to Hugo Chávez, in biblical texts, in the Gospel, and in the practices of our indigenous peoples. The Bolivarian Revolution that started in Venezuela under the presidency of Hugo Chávez has reignited debate in Latin America and internationally on the questions of socialism and revolution introducing the reflections on class-struggle, neoliberalism, counter-power, revolutionary parties, community and communes, economy, politics, society, race and the hopes, and prospects of what is called “Socialism 21st Century” in contemporary South America.

Throughout the ensuing paper we will dive into a country of rich heritage, beautiful landscape, and an extraordinary people with a very promising future. Chile is the longest country in the world geographically speaking with a majority of the population residing in the central region, specifically Santiago, the capital, and Viña del Mar. The official language is Spanish, although in some regions a couple of other languages are still prevalent.

As Fuentes points out, the current Chilean Constitution enacted in 1980 was designed in two moments: The first one, between 1974 and 1980, when a governmental commission discussed and provided a first draft; and between October 1988 and July 1989, when the Junta Militar and the political opposition negotiated some amendments after Pinochet was defeat in a referendum and called to free elections (Fuentes, 2012, 2013). However, the scaffold of the constitution was untouchable and had actually an illegitimate starting point: a referendum that was a fraud (Fuentes, 2013). As the Inter American Commission in Human Rights stated in its annual report of 1980, “the procedures under which the Constitution was adopted were manifestly irregular, in view